Turn and Turn Again: How Big Science Both Helped and Hindered Alternative 
Energy in the 1970s

Turnbull, Thomas; Mody, Cyrus C. M.

doi:10.1088/978-0-7503-3631-4ch31

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Turn and Turn Again: How Big Science Both Helped and Hindered Alternative Energy in the 1970s

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Turnbull, Thomas
Department Structural Changes in Systems of Knowledge, Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Max Planck Society;

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https://iopscience.iop.org/book/edit/978-0-7503-3631-4/chapter/bk978-0-7503-3631-4ch31.pdf
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Citation

Turnbull, T., & Mody, C. C. M. (2023). Turn and Turn Again: How Big Science Both Helped and Hindered Alternative Energy in the 1970s. In P. Charitos, T. Arabatzis, H. Cliff, G. Dissertori, J. Forneris, & J. Li-Ying (Eds.), Big Science in the 21st Century: Economic and Societal Impacts (pp. 31-1-31-21). Bristol: IOP Publishing. doi:10.1088/978-0-7503-3631-4ch31.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000E-1385-6

Abstract

In chapter 31 Thomas Turnbull and Cyrus Mody discuss a shift in American science towards 'mezzo' projects in the late 1960s and 1970s. They concentrate on another emblematic Big Science organization, NASA, during that period and show how it turned its attention to medium scale projects involving alternative energy sources. They also examine how, during the same period, the National Science Foundation, an American institution that had funded small-scale research, reoriented itself towards bigger science by sponsoring likewise alternative energy projects.