Ribosomal profiling of human endogenous retroviruses in healthy tissues

Dopkins, N.; Singh, B.; Michael, S.; Zhang, P.; Marston, J.L.; Fei, T.; Singh, M.; Feschotte, C.; Collins, N.; Bendall, M.L.; Nixon, D.F.

doi:10.1186/s12864-023-09909-x

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Ribosomal profiling of human endogenous retroviruses in healthy tissues

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Singh, M.
Research Group of Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Dopkins, N., Singh, B., Michael, S., Zhang, P., Marston, J., Fei, T., et al. (2024). Ribosomal profiling of human endogenous retroviruses in healthy tissues. BMC Genomics, 25(1): 5. doi:10.1186/s12864-023-09909-x.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000E-3B59-D

Abstract

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are the germline embedded proviral fragments of ancient retroviral infections that make up roughly 8% of the human genome. Our understanding of HERVs in physiology primarily surrounds their non-coding functions, while their protein coding capacity remains virtually uncharacterized. Therefore, we applied the bioinformatic pipeline “hervQuant” to high-resolution ribosomal profiling of healthy tissues to provide a comprehensive overview of translationally active HERVs. We find that HERVs account for 0.1–0.4% of all translation in distinct tissue-specific profiles. Collectively, our study further supports claims that HERVs are actively translated throughout healthy tissues to provide sequences of retroviral origin to the human proteome.