Loss of a gluconeogenic muscle enzyme contributed to adaptive metabolic traits 
in hummingbirds.

Osipova, Ekaterina; Barsacchi, Rico; Brown, Tom; Sadanandan, Keren; Gaede, Andrea H; Monte, Amanda; Jarrells, Julia; Moebius, Claudia; Pippel, Martin; Altshuler, Douglas L; Winkler, Sylke; Bickle, Marc; Baldwin, Maude W; Hiller, Michael

doi:10.1126/science.abn7050

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Loss of a gluconeogenic muscle enzyme contributed to adaptive metabolic traits in hummingbirds.

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Osipova, Ekaterina
Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society;

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Barsacchi, Rico
Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society;

/cone/persons/resource/persons219271

Jarrells, Julia
Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society;

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Moebius, Claudia
Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society;

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Pippel, Martin
Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society;

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Winkler, Sylke
Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society;

/cone/persons/resource/persons219009

Bickle, Marc
Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society;

/cone/persons/resource/persons184581

Hiller, Michael
Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Osipova, E., Barsacchi, R., Brown, T., Sadanandan, K., Gaede, A. H., Monte, A., et al. (2023). Loss of a gluconeogenic muscle enzyme contributed to adaptive metabolic traits in hummingbirds. Science (New York, N.Y.), 379(6628), 185-190. doi:10.1126/science.abn7050.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000E-AB0C-5

Abstract

Hummingbirds possess distinct metabolic adaptations to fuel their energy-demanding hovering flight, but the underlying genomic changes are largely unknown. Here, we generated a chromosome-level genome assembly of the long-tailed hermit and screened for genes that have been specifically inactivated in the ancestral hummingbird lineage. We discovered that FBP2 (fructose-bisphosphatase 2), which encodes a gluconeogenic muscle enzyme, was lost during a time period when hovering flight evolved. We show that FBP2 knockdown in an avian muscle cell line up-regulates glycolysis and enhances mitochondrial respiration, coincident with an increased mitochondria number. Furthermore, genes involved in mitochondrial respiration and organization have up-regulated expression in hummingbird flight muscle. Together, these results suggest that FBP2 loss was likely a key step in the evolution of metabolic muscle adaptations required for true hovering flight.