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Journal Article

Some effects of sex and culture on creativity, no effect of incubation

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Christensen,  Julia F.       
Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Kazemian, N., Borhani, K., Golbabaei, S., & Christensen, J. F. (2024). Some effects of sex and culture on creativity, no effect of incubation. Empirical Studies of the Arts, 42(2), 536-559. doi:10.1177/02762374231217638.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000E-AFC1-3
Abstract
Results remain mixed regarding the effects of incubation tasks on divergent thinking, a type of creativity, generally assessed via the Unusual Uses Task (UUT). Using a within-subjects design, we compared 64 participants’ performance on the UUT, after four different incubation tasks: copy a simple painting, copy a complex painting, 0-back-task, and rest. We hypothesized that an arts-related activity during incubation (here: copy a painting) would boost subsequent creativity. Five different creativity scores were computed from the raw UUT data, and we provide a step-by-step guide for how to compute these: fluency, flexibility, originality, subjective creativity, and usefulness. Creativity was only modulated by sex; women outperformed men on creative fluency. No other variables, nor the incubations, modulated any of participants’ creativity scores. A within-group comparison showed that the unusual uses of our all-Iranian participants were more useful than unique, echoing previous work suggesting differences between Eastern and Western conceptions of creativity.