Monolithically integrated micro-supercapacitors with high areal number density 
produced by surface adhesive-directed electrolyte assembly

Wang, Sen; Zheng, Shuanghao; Shi, Xiaoyu; Das, Pratteek; Li, Linmei; Zhu, Yuanyuan; Lu, Yao; Feng, Xinliang; Wu, Zhong-Shuai

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-47216-5

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Monolithically integrated micro-supercapacitors with high areal number density produced by surface adhesive-directed electrolyte assembly

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Feng, Xinliang
Department of Synthetic Materials and Functional Devices (SMFD), Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Wang, S., Zheng, S., Shi, X., Das, P., Li, L., Zhu, Y., et al. (2024). Monolithically integrated micro-supercapacitors with high areal number density produced by surface adhesive-directed electrolyte assembly. Nature Communications, 15: 2850. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-47216-5.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000F-3A3E-C

Abstract

Accurately placing very small amounts of electrolyte on tiny micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) arrays in close proximity is a major challenge. This difficulty hinders the development of densely-compact monolithically integrated MSCs (MIMSCs). To overcome this grand challenge, we demonstrate a controllable electrolyte directed assembly strategy for precise isolation of densely-packed MSCs at micron scale, achieving scalable production of MIMSCs with ultrahigh areal number density and output voltage. We fabricate a patterned adhesive surface across MIMSCs, that induce electrolyte directed assembly on 10,000 highly adhesive MSC regions, achieving a 100 µm-scale spatial separation between each electrolyte droplet within seconds. The resultant MIMSCs achieve an areal number density of 210 cells cm⁻² and a high areal voltage of 555 V cm⁻². Further, cycling the MIMSCs at 190 V over 9000 times manifests no performance degradation. A seamlessly integrated system of ultracompact wirelessly-chargeable MIMSCs is also demonstrated to show its practicality and versatile applicability.