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Phase diagrams of bone remodeling using a 3D stochastic cellular automaton

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Heller,  Anna-Dorothea
Amaia Cipitria, Biomaterialien, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Valleriani,  Angelo
Angelo Valleriani, Biomaterialien, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Cipitria,  Amaia       
Amaia Cipitria, Biomaterialien, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Heller, A.-D., Valleriani, A., & Cipitria, A. (2024). Phase diagrams of bone remodeling using a 3D stochastic cellular automaton. PLOS ONE, 19(6): e0304694. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0304694.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000F-7952-D
Abstract
We propose a 3D stochastic cellular automaton model, governed by evolutionary game theory, to simulate bone remodeling dynamics. The model includes four voxel states: Formation, Quiescence, Resorption, and Environment. We simulate the Resorption and Formation processes on separate time scales to explore the parameter space and derive a phase diagram that illustrates the sensitivity of these processes to parameter changes. Combining these results, we simulate a full bone remodeling cycle. Furthermore, we show the importance of modeling small neighborhoods for studying local bone microenvironment controls. This model can guide experimental design and, in combination with other models, it could assist to further explore external impacts on bone remodeling. Consequently, this model contributes to an improved understanding of complex dynamics in bone remodeling dynamics and exploring alterations due to disease or drug treatment.