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Dating the Neanderthal environment: Detailed luminescence chronology of a palaeochannel sediment core at the Palaeolithic site of Lichtenberg in the Lower Saxony, northern Germany

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Hein,  Michael       
Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society;

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Weiss,  Marcel       
Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society;

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Lauer,  Tobias       
Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society;

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Rahimzadeh_Dating_QuatGeo_2024.pdf
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Rahimzadeh_Dating_QuatGeo_Suppl_2024.docx
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Citation

Rahimzadeh, N., Hein, M., Urban, B., Weiss, M., Tanner, D. C., Khosravichenar, A., et al. (2024). Dating the Neanderthal environment: Detailed luminescence chronology of a palaeochannel sediment core at the Palaeolithic site of Lichtenberg in the Lower Saxony, northern Germany. Quaternary Geochronology, 83: 101564. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2024.101564.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000F-9054-F
Abstract
Northern Germany is famous for its numerous Neanderthal (Middle Palaeolithic) archaeological sites and well-preserved palaeoclimate records. Nevertheless, our understanding of how hominins responded to climate fluctuations and adapted to changing environments in this region remains limited because there are only a few reliable, highly-resolved chronological frameworks of long stratigraphic successions. Most of the Middle Palaeolithic sites in this region lack a reliable chronostratigraphy beyond the radiocarbon dating range. In this study, we present a high-resolution optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) chronology derived from a ∼21 m long sediment core (Li-BPa) that was drilled in close proximity to the known Neanderthal site of Lichtenberg. Quartz OSL dating was applied to the upper 6.5 m of the core. Subsequently, the obtained quartz OSL ages were compared with feldspar post-infrared (IR) IRSL (pIRIR) measured at 290 °C (pIRIR290), pulsed IR50 (pre-pIRIR225), and pulsed pIRIR225 ages to select a suitable feldspar signal to date older samples. A comparison of the quartz and feldspar ages indicates that only fading-corrected pulsed IR50 (pre-pIRIR225) and pIRIR225 ages agree well with quartz OSL ages. Finally, the age framework of the sediment sequence was established based on the 11 quartz OSL ages and 23 fading-corrected pulsed IR50 (pre-pIRIR225) and pulsed pIRIR225 ages. The resulting Bacon age-depth model agrees with litho- and biostratigraphic designations, indicating that the whole sequence was deposited between ca. 275 ka and ca. 24 ka, corresponding to the Saalian to Weichselian periods.