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Reflections on the study of empathy in a sample of refugees and migrants from arabic-speaking countries with diverse experiences of war-related trauma

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Wesarg-Menzel,  Christiane
Research Group Social Stress and Family Health, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;
Institute of Psychosocial Medicine, Psychotherapy, and Psycho-Oncology, Jena University Hospital, Germany;

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Gallistl,  Mathilde
Research Group Social Stress and Family Health, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Engert,  Veronika       
Research Group Social Stress and Family Health, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;
Institute of Psychosocial Medicine, Psychotherapy, and Psycho-Oncology, Jena University Hospital, Germany;
German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany;
Center for Intervention and Research in Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Germany;

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Citation

Wesarg-Menzel, C., Gallistl, M., Niconchuk, M., & Engert, V. (2024). Reflections on the study of empathy in a sample of refugees and migrants from arabic-speaking countries with diverse experiences of war-related trauma. Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology, 19: 100253. doi:10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100253.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000F-9B71-3
Abstract
Empathic abilities are proposed to affect the trajectory from trauma exposure to psychopathology. Yet, studies addressing the role of empathy in refugees with diverse experiences of war-related trauma are lacking. This may relate to missing recommendations on aspects to consider in the planning and execution of such a study. In the present methodological paper, we hence share our experiences in designing and implementing a study on the interrelations of war-related trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, and empathy in individuals from Arabic-speaking countries who had entered Germany as refugees or migrants. In specific, we reflect on decisions related to the choice of experimental groups and measures of empathy, and describe unanticipated problems encountered during recruitment, screening and testing. Overall, we recommend applying a multi-method approach (i.e., a combination of questionnaire, behavioral and biological measures) to gain a comprehensive picture of the different facets of empathy. Further, we stress the importance to consider that not only refugees, but also migrants may have experienced war-related trauma. Beyond that, we advise to consult individuals of the study population of interest for the translation of instruments, realization of effective recruitment strategies, and to ensure that the testing procedures are sensitive to participants’ past experiences and current needs. We hope that sharing these insights will benefit researchers interested in conducting basic and intervention research aimed at improving the mental health of individuals exposed to war-related trauma.