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Journal Article

Giant chiral magnetoelectric oscillations in a van der Waals multiferroic

MPS-Authors
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Cheng,  X.
International Max Planck Research School for Ultrafast Imaging & Structural Dynamics (IMPRS-UFAST), Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;

Viñas Boström,  E.
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad del País Vasco;

Sentef,  M. A.
Theoretical Description of Pump-Probe Spectroscopies in Solids, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Institute for Theoretical Physics and Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen;

Tang,  P.
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;

Rubio,  A.
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad del País Vasco;
Center for Computational Quantum Physics, The Flatiron Institute;

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s41586-024-07678-5.pdf
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suppl.zip
(Supplementary material), 13MB

Citation

Gao, F. Y., Peng, X., Cheng, X., Viñas Boström, E., Kim, D. S., Jain, R. K., et al. (2024). Giant chiral magnetoelectric oscillations in a van der Waals multiferroic. Nature, 632(8024), 273-279. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07678-5.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000F-AC9B-1
Abstract
Helical spin structures are expressions of magnetically induced chirality, entangling the dipolar and magnetic orders in materials1,2,3,4. The recent discovery of helical van der Waals multiferroics down to the ultrathin limit raises prospects of large chiral magnetoelectric correlations in two dimensions5,6. However, the exact nature and magnitude of these couplings have remained unknown so far. Here we perform a precision measurement of the dynamical magnetoelectric coupling for an enantiopure domain in an exfoliated van der Waals multiferroic. We evaluate this interaction in resonance with a collective electromagnon mode, capturing the impact of its oscillations on the dipolar and magnetic orders of the material with a suite of ultrafast optical probes. Our data show a giant natural optical activity at terahertz frequencies, characterized by quadrature modulations between the electric polarization and magnetization components. First-principles calculations further show that these chiral couplings originate from the synergy between the non-collinear spin texture and relativistic spin–orbit interactions, resulting in substantial enhancements over lattice-mediated effects. Our findings highlight the potential for intertwined orders to enable unique functionalities in the two-dimensional limit and pave the way for the development of van der Waals magnetoelectric devices operating at terahertz speeds.