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The connection of polaritonic chemistry with the physics of a spin glass

MPS-Authors
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Sidler,  D.
Laboratory for Materials Simulations, Paul Scherrer Institut;
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science;
The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging;

/persons/resource/persons30964

Ruggenthaler,  M.
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science;
The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging;

/persons/resource/persons22028

Rubio,  A.
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science;
The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging;
Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ) and Initiative for Computational Catalysis (ICC), Flatiron Institute;

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2409.08986.pdf
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Citation

Sidler, D., Ruggenthaler, M., & Rubio, A. (2024). The connection of polaritonic chemistry with the physics of a spin glass.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000F-D785-8
Abstract
Polaritonic chemistry has garnered increasing attention in recent years due to pioneering experimental results, which show that site- and bond-selective chemistry at room temperature is achievable through strong collective coupling to field fluctuations in optical cavities. Despite these notable experimental strides, the underlying theoretical mechanisms remain unclear. In this focus review, we highlight a fundamental theoretical link between the seemingly unrelated fields of polaritonic chemistry and spin glasses, exploring its profound implications for the theoretical framework of polaritonic chemistry. Specifically, we present a mapping of the dressed electronic structure problem under collective vibrational strong coupling to the iconic Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model of spin glasses. This mapping uncovers a collectively induced instability in the dressed electronic structure (spontaneous replica symmetry breaking), which could provide the long-sought seed for significant local chemical modifications in polaritonic chemistry. This mapping paves the way to incorporate, adjust and probe numerous spin glass concepts in polaritonic chemistry, such as frustration, aging dynamics, excess of thermal fluctuations, time-reversal symmetry breaking or stochastic resonances. Ultimately, the mapping also offers fresh insights into the applicability of spin glass theory beyond condensed matter systems and it suggests novel theoretical directions such as polarization glasses with explicitly time-dependent order parameter functions.