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Single-nucleus transcriptomic profiling of human orbitofrontal cortex reveals convergent effects of aging and psychiatric disease

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Froehlich,  Anna S.
Dept. Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;
IMPRS Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Gerstner,  Nathalie
Dept. Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;
IMPRS Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Ködel,  Maik
Dept. Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Yusupov,  Natan
Dept. Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Czamara,  Darina
Dept. Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Sauer,  Susann
Dept. Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Roeh,  Simone
Dept. Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Knauer-Arloth,  Janine
Dept. Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Binder,  Elisabeth B.
Dept. Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Froehlich, A. S., Gerstner, N., Gagliardi, M., Ködel, M., Yusupov, N., Matosin, N., et al. (2024). Single-nucleus transcriptomic profiling of human orbitofrontal cortex reveals convergent effects of aging and psychiatric disease. NATURE NEUROSCIENCE, 27, 2021-2032. doi:10.1038/s41593-024-01742-z.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000F-EC08-F
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process and represents the largest risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders. The risk for neurodegenerative disorders is also increased in individuals with psychiatric disorders. Here, we characterized age-related transcriptomic changes in the brain by profiling similar to 800,000 nuclei from the orbitofrontal cortex from 87 individuals with and without psychiatric diagnoses and replicated findings in an independent cohort with 32 individuals. Aging affects all cell types, with LAMP5(+)LHX6(+) interneurons, a cell-type abundant in primates, by far the most affected. Disrupted synaptic transmission emerged as a convergently affected pathway in aged tissue. Age-related transcriptomic changes overlapped with changes observed in Alzheimer's disease across multiple cell types. We find evidence for accelerated transcriptomic aging in individuals with psychiatric disorders and demonstrate a converging signature of aging and psychopathology across multiple cell types. Our findings shed light on cell-type-specific effects and biological pathways underlying age-related changes and their convergence with effects driven by psychiatric diagnosis.