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The SRG/eROSITA - All-Sky Survey First catalog of superclusters in the western Galactic hemisphere

MPS-Authors
/persons/resource/persons284361

Liu,  A.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons250304

Bulbul,  E.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons242065

Kluge,  M.
Optical and Interpretative Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons247129

Ghirardini,  V.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons20178

Zhang,  X.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons98842

Sanders,  J. S.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons296839

Artis,  E.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons284363

Bahar,  Y. E.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons296837

Balzer,  F.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons208300

Comparat,  J.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons285974

Garrel,  C.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons195599

Gatuzz,  E.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4724

Merloni,  A.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4879

Nandra,  K.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4831

Predehl,  P.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons247131

Ramos-Ceja,  M. E.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons284367

Seppi,  R.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons302943

Zelmer,  S.
Optical and Interpretative Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Liu, A., Bulbul, E., Kluge, M., Ghirardini, V., Zhang, X., Sanders, J. S., et al. (2024). The SRG/eROSITA - All-Sky Survey First catalog of superclusters in the western Galactic hemisphere. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 683: A130. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348884.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0010-013F-7
Abstract
Superclusters of galaxies mark the large-scale overdense regions in the Universe. Superclusters provide an ideal environment to study structure formation and to search for the emission of the intergalactic medium such as cosmic filaments and WHIM. In this work, we present the largest-to-date catalog of X-ray-selected superclusters identified in the first SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey (eRASS1). By applying the Friends-of-Friends (FoF) method on the galaxy clusters detected in eRASS1, we identified 1338 supercluster systems in the western Galactic hemisphere up to redshift 0.8, including 818 cluster pairs and 520 rich superclusters with >= 3 members. The most massive and richest supercluster system is the Shapley supercluster at redshift 0.05 with 45 members and a total mass of 2.58 +/- 0.51 x 10(16)M(circle dot). The most extensive system has a projected length of 127 Mpc. The sizes of the superclusters we identified in this work are comparable to the structures found with galaxy survey data. We also found a good association between the eRASS1 superclusters and the large-scale structures formed by optical galaxies. We note that 3948 clusters, corresponding to 45% of the cluster sample, were identified as supercluster members. The reliability of each supercluster was estimated by considering the uncertainties in the redshifts of the galaxy clusters and the peculiar velocities of clusters. Furthermore, 63% of the systems have a reliability larger than 0.7. The eRASS1 supercluster catalog provided in this work represents the most extensive sample of superclusters selected in the X-ray band in terms of the unprecedented sample volume, sky coverage, redshift range, the availability of X-ray properties, and the well-understood selection function of the parent cluster sample, which enables direct comparisons with numerical simulations. This legacy catalog will greatly advance our understanding of superclusters and the cosmic large-scale structure.