Melt pool signatures of TiN nanoparticle dry-coated Co25Cr25Fe25Ni25 metal 
powder in laser-powder-bed-fusion

Gärtner, Eric; Witte, Arne; Peter, Nicolas J.; Devulapalli, Vivek; Ellendt, Nils; Dehm, Gerhard; Jägle, Eric Aimé; Uhlenwinkel, Volker; Mädler, Lutz

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2023.111626

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Melt pool signatures of TiN nanoparticle dry-coated Co25Cr25Fe25Ni25 metal powder in laser-powder-bed-fusion

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Peter, Nicolas J.
Advanced Transmission Electron Microscopy, Structure and Nano-/ Micromechanics of Materials, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max Planck Society;

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Devulapalli, Vivek
Advanced Transmission Electron Microscopy, Structure and Nano-/ Micromechanics of Materials, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max Planck Society;

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Dehm, Gerhard
Structure and Nano-/ Micromechanics of Materials, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Gärtner, E., Witte, A., Peter, N. J., Devulapalli, V., Ellendt, N., Dehm, G., et al. (2023). Melt pool signatures of TiN nanoparticle dry-coated Co25Cr25Fe25Ni25 metal powder in laser-powder-bed-fusion. Materials & Design, 226: 111626. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2023.111626.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0010-0C71-2

Abstract

Metal powders in laser-powder-bed-fusion (L-PBF) often exhibit cohesive flow resulting from interparticle adhesion. Nanoparticle dry-coating can improve powder flowability and promote powder layer densification. A Co25Cr25Fe25Ni25 metal powder (20–90 µm) is dry-coated with TiN particles with a diameter of 16 nm at low concentrations of up to 69 ppm. The dynamic angle of repose decreased and bulk powder density increased compared to the uncoated state from 49 ° and 4.67 g/cm3 to 29 ° and 4.81 g/cm3 with dry-coating of TiN, respectively. UV/Vis spectroscopy showed negligible alterations by TiN additions on the powder light absorption. The powder modifications strongly affected their corresponding processability in L-PBF and reduced the melt pool signatures of the in situ detected confocal single-color pyrometer signal as well as ex situ measured melt pool depth and width. With increasing flowability, a significant decrease in thermal emission and melt pool size was observed. The results demonstrate the impact of powder flowability and bulk powder density on the quality of L-PBF parts when particle interactions are actively modified.