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Visual cortex TMS causally affects working memory in a topographic and task-specific manner

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Grassi,  PR       
Institutional Guests, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society;

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Artner,  E
Institutional Guests, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society;

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Stöckle,  B
Institutional Guests, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society;

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Bartels,  A       
Institutional Guests, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Grassi, P., Artner, E., Kallfaß, L., Stöckle, B., & Bartels, A. (2024). Visual cortex TMS causally affects working memory in a topographic and task-specific manner. Poster presented at 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience (Neuroscience 2024), San Diego, CA, USA.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0010-33B6-7
Abstract
When maintaining visual information in visual working memory (VWM), neuroimaging has consistently shown that early visual areas represent the memorized items. However, it is a matter of current debate if this information is actually relevant for the maintenance of visual information. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies have presented incongruent results, revealing both, disruption, and enhancement in performance, especially during the encoding part of VWM. Here, we report results from two experiments in which we applied TMS over the visual cortex during the maintenance period of a dual VWM task. Participants were asked to remember either the category or the orientation of a composite image, while TMS was applied over visual cortex. TMS stimulation location was defined prior to the experiments by phosphene induction, and visual stimuli were presented exactly at the perceived phosphene location. Our results revealed retinotopically specific TMS effects long into the retention time of the orientation task, but not the category task. This is evidence that visual areas are involved in the maintenance of VWM items in a retinotopic and task-specific manner.