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Metastable photo-induced superconductivity far above Tc

MPS-Authors
/persons/resource/persons258618

Eckhardt,  C.
Theoretical Description of Pump-Probe Spectroscopies in Solids, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL);
Institut für Theorie der Statistischen Physik, RWTH Aachen University and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology;

/persons/resource/persons245033

Kennes,  D. M.
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL);
Institut für Theorie der Statistischen Physik, RWTH Aachen University and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology;

/persons/resource/persons182604

Sentef,  M. A.
Theoretical Description of Pump-Probe Spectroscopies in Solids, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL);
Institute for Theoretical Physics and Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen;
H H Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol;

/persons/resource/persons252093

Shin,  D.
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL);
Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology;

/persons/resource/persons22028

Rubio,  A.
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL);

/persons/resource/persons133811

Cavalleri,  A.
Quantum Condensed Matter Dynamics, Condensed Matter Dynamics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL);
Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford;

/persons/resource/persons280912

Michael,  M.
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL);

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s41535-025-00750-x.pdf
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Citation

Chattopadhyay, S., Eckhardt, C., Kennes, D. M., Sentef, M. A., Shin, D., Rubio, A., et al. (2025). Metastable photo-induced superconductivity far above Tc. npj Quantum Materials, 10(1): 34. doi:10.1038/s41535-025-00750-x.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0010-F831-F
Abstract
Inspired by the striking discovery of metastable superconductivity in K3C60 at 100K, far above Tc = 20 K, we discuss possible mechanisms for long-lived, photo-induced superconductivity. Starting from a model of optically-driven Raman phonons coupled to inter-band electronic transitions, we develop a microscopic mechanism for photo-controlling the pairing interaction. Leveraging this mechanism, we first investigate long-lived superconductivity arising from the thermodynamic metastable trapping of the driven phonon. We then propose an alternative route, where the superconducting gap created by an optical drive leads to a dynamical bottleneck in the equilibration of quasi-particles. We conclude by discussing the implications of both scenarios for experiments that can be used to discriminate between them. Our work provides falsifiable explanations for the nanosecond-scale photo-induced superconductivity found in K3C60, while simultaneously offering a theoretical basis for exploring metastable superconductivity in other quantum materials.