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Abstract

Personality and cultural psychology have often advanced in parallel, yet their integration is essential for building a truly comprehensive personality science. This review synthesizes existing insights into a three-part roadmap for bridging the two fields. First, personality?broadly understood as individual differences in beliefs, traits, and values?shows systematic variation across societies. Second, personality and culture are dynamically entangled: culture co-shapes beliefs, traits, and values, while personality co-shapes how individuals select, interpret, adapt to, and co-create cultural environments. Third, meaningful diversity exists not only across but also within cultural groups, highlighting intragroup variability that is often obscured by focusing on group-level averages and guarding against ecological fallacies. By connecting these perspectives, the roadmap aims to provide a conceptual scaffold for more comprehensive, context-sensitive, and inclusive personality science.