Fast Variability of Tera–Electron Volt gamma Rays from the Radio Galaxy M87

Aharonian, Felix; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Bazer-Bachi, A. R.; Beilicke, M.; Benbow, Wystan; Berge, David; Bernlöhr, K.; Boisson, C.; Bolz, Oliver; Borrel, V.; Braun, Isabel; Brown, A. M.; Bühler, Rolf; Büsching, I.; Carrigan, Svenja; Chadwick, P. M.; Chounet, L.-M.; Cornils, R.; Costamante, L.; Degrange, B.; Djannati-Atai, A.; Drury, L.O'C.; Emmanoulopoulos, D.; Espigat, P.; Feinstein, F.; Ferrero, E.; Fontaine, G.; Funk, S.; Gallant, Y. A.; Giebels, B.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Goret, P.; Hadjichristidis, C.; Hauser, Dominik; Hauser, M.; Heinzelmann, G.; Henri, G.; Hermann, G.; Hinton, J. A.; Hofmann, W.; Holleran, M.; Horns, D.; de Jager, O. C.; Khélifi, B.; Komin, N.; Konopelko, A.; Latham, I. J.; Le Gallou, R.; Lemière, A.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lohse, T.; Martineau-Huynh, O.; Marcowith, A.; Masterson, C.; McComb, T. J. L.; de Naurois, M.; Nedbal, Dalibor; Nolan, S. J.; Noutsos, A.; Orford, K. J.; Osborne, J. L.; Ouchrif, M.; Panter, Michael; Pelletier, G.; Pita, S.; Pühlhofer, G.; Punch, M.; Raubenheimer, B. C.; Raue, M.; Rayner, S. M.; Reimer, A.; Rosier-Lees, S.; Ripken, J.; Rob, L.; Rolland, L.; Rowell, Gavin; Sahakian, V.; Saugé, L.; Schlenker, S.; Schlickeiser, R.; Schröder, R.; Schwanke, U.; Sol, H.; Spangler, D.; Steenkamp, R.; Stegmann, C.; Tavernet, J.-P-; Terrier, R.; Tluczykont, M.; Vasileiadis, G.; Venter, C.; Vincent, P.; Völk, H. J.; Wagner, S. J.; Ward, M.; Bolz, O.; Dickinson, H. J.; Dubus, G.; Egberts, Kathrin; Fiasson, A.; Funk, S.; Jacholkowska, A.; Kosack, K.; Martin, J. M.; Spanier, F.; Superina, G.; Tam, P. H.; van Eldik, C.; Hoffmann, A.; Coignet, G.; Funk, Seb.; Füßling, M.; Kendziorra, E.; Kerschhaggl, M.; Lamanna, G.; Lenain, J.-P.; Moulin, E.; Ranchon, S.; Schwarzburg, S.; Schwemmer, S.; Vialle, J. P.; F. Aharonian et al. for the H.E.S.S. Collaboration

doi:10.1126/science.1134408

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Fast Variability of Tera–Electron Volt gamma Rays from the Radio Galaxy M87

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Aharonian, Felix
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30247

Akhperjanian, A. G.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30290

Beilicke, M.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30293

Benbow, Wystan
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30296

Berge, David
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30300

Bernlöhr, K.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30322

Bolz, Oliver
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30333

Braun, Isabel
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30350

Bühler, Rolf
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30367

Carrigan, Svenja
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30380

Cornils, R.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30382

Costamante, L.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30414

Djannati-Atai, A.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30460

Feinstein, F.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30497

Funk, S.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30502

Gallant, Y. A.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30573

Hauser, Dominik
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30584

Hermann, G.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30597

Hinton, J. A.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30605

Hofmann, W.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30623

Horns, D.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30670

Khélifi, B.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30703

Konopelko, A.
Prof. Heinrich J. Völk, Emeriti, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30798

Masterson, C.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30397

de Naurois, M.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30841

Nedbal, Dalibor
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30865

Orford, K. J.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30869

Osborne, J. L.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30878

Panter, Michael
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30914

Pühlhofer, G.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30923

Raue, M.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30959

Rowell, Gavin
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30976

Saugé, L.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons31135

Vasileiadis, G.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons31141

Völk, H. J.
Prof. Heinrich J. Völk, Emeriti, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30322

Bolz, O.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30428

Dubus, G.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30436

Egberts, Kathrin
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30497

Funk, S.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30707

Kosack, K.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons31132

van Eldik, C.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Aharonian, F., Akhperjanian, A. G., Bazer-Bachi, A. R., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Berge, D., et al. (2006). Fast Variability of Tera–Electron Volt gamma Rays from the Radio Galaxy M87. Science, 314(5804), 1424-1427. doi:10.1126/science.1134408.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0011-7EE6-5

Abstract

The detection of fast variations of the tera–electron volt (TeV) (10¹² eV) gamma-ray flux, on time scales of days, from the nearby radio galaxy M87 is reported. These variations are about 10 times as fast as those observed in any other wave band and imply a very compact emission region with a dimension similar to the Schwarzschild radius of the central black hole. We thus can exclude several other sites and processes of the g-ray production. The observations confirm that TeV gamma rays are emitted by extragalactic sources other than blazars, where jets are not relativistically beamed toward the observer.