Discovery of very-high-energy gamma-rays from the Galactic Centre ridge

Aharonian, F.; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Bazer-Bachi, A. R.; Beilicke, M.; Benbow, W.; Berge, D.; Borrel, V.; Bernlöhr, K.; Boisson, C.; Bolz, O.; Glicenstein, J.F.; Breitling, F.; Brown, A. M.; Dickinson, H.J.; Chadwick, P. M.; Braun, I.; Chounet, L.-M.; Cornils, R.; Costamante, L.; Degrange, B.; Djannati-Atai, A.; Drury, L.O'C.; Emmanoulopoulos, D.; Dubus, G.; Espigat, P.; Feinstein, F.; Fontaine, G.; Funk, S.; Gallant, Y. A.; Giebels, B.; Gillessen, S.; Goret, P.; Hadjichristidis, C.; Hauser, D.; Hauser, M.; Heinzelmann, G.; Henri, G.; Hermann, G.; Hinton, J. A.; Hofmann, W.; Holleran, M.; Horns, D.; de Jager, O. C.; Khélifi, B.; Komin, N.; Konopelko, A.; Latham, I. J.; Le Gallou, R.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lemière, A.; Leroy, N.; Lohse, T.; Marcowith, A.; Masterson, C.; McComb, T. J. L.; de Naurois, M.; Nolan, S. J.; Noutsos, A.; Orford, K. J.; Osborne, J. L.; Ouchrif, M.; Panter, M.; Pelletier, G.; Pita, S.; Fuchs, Y.; Pühlhofer, G.; Punch, M.; Raubenheimer, B. C.; Raue, M.; Raux, J.; Rayner, S. M.; Martin, J.M.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Ripken, J.; Terrier, R.; Rob, L.; Rolland, L.; Rowell, G.; Sahakian, V.; Saugé, L.; Schlenker, S.; Schlickeiser, R.; Schuster, C.; Schwanke, U.; Siewert, M.; Sol, H.; Steenkamp, R.; Stegmann, C.; Tavernet, J.-P-; Théoret, C. G.; Tluczykont, M.; Venter, C.; Vasileiadis, G.; Vincent, P.; Völk, H. J.; Wagner, S. J.; Martineau-Huynh, O.; Spangler, D.; Jacholkowska, A.

doi:10.1038/nature04467

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Discovery of very-high-energy gamma-rays from the Galactic Centre ridge

MPS-Authors

/persons/resource/persons30244

Aharonian, F.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Akhperjanian, A. G.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30290

Beilicke, M.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30293

Benbow, W.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Berge, D.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30300

Bernlöhr, K.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30322

Bolz, O.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30521

Glicenstein, J.F.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30333

Braun, I.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Cornils, R.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30382

Costamante, L.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Djannati-Atai, A.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Dubus, G.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Feinstein, F.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Funk, S.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Gallant, Y. A.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Gillessen, S.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Hauser, D.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Hermann, G.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Hinton, J. A.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Hofmann, W.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Horns, D.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Khélifi, B.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Konopelko, A.
Prof. Heinrich J. Völk, Emeriti, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30798

Masterson, C.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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de Naurois, M.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30865

Orford, K. J.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Osborne, J. L.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Panter, M.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Pühlhofer, G.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Raue, M.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30959

Rowell, G.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Saugé, L.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Vasileiadis, G.
Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Völk, H. J.
Prof. Heinrich J. Völk, Emeriti, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Aharonian, F., Akhperjanian, A. G., Bazer-Bachi, A. R., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Berge, D., et al. (2006). Discovery of very-high-energy gamma-rays from the Galactic Centre ridge. Nature, 439(7077), 695-698. doi:10.1038/nature04467.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0011-80AA-4

Abstract

The source of Galactic cosmic rays (with energies up to 10¹⁵ eV) remains unclear, although it is widely believed that they originate in the shock waves of expanding supernova remnant^{s1, 2}. At present the best way to investigate their acceleration and propagation is by observing the gamma-rays produced when cosmic rays interact with interstellar gas³. Here we report observations of an extended region of very-high-energy (> 10¹¹ eV) gamma-ray emission correlated spatially with a complex of giant molecular clouds in the central 200 parsecs of the Milky Way. The hardness of the gamma-ray spectrum and the conditions in those molecular clouds indicate that the cosmic rays giving rise to the gamma-rays are likely to be protons and nuclei rather than electrons. The energy associated with the cosmic rays could have come from a single supernova explosion around 10⁴ years ago.