A comprehensive view of Kara Sea polynya dynamics, sea-ice compactness and 
export from model and remote sensing data

Kern, Stefan; Harms, Ingo; Bakan, Stephan; Chen, Y.

doi:10.1029/2005GL023532

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A comprehensive view of Kara Sea polynya dynamics, sea-ice compactness and export from model and remote sensing data

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Bakan, Stephan
The Land in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;
Terrestrial Remote Sensing / HOAPS, The Land in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Kern, S., Harms, I., Bakan, S., & Chen, Y. (2005). A comprehensive view of Kara Sea polynya dynamics, sea-ice compactness and export from model and remote sensing data. Geophysical Research Letters, 32(15): L15501. doi:10.1029/2005GL023532.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0011-FE91-C

Abstract

The Shelf Seas of the Arctic are known for their large sea-ice production. This paper presents a comprehensive view of the Kara Sea sea-ice cover from high-resolution numerical modeling and space-borne microwave radiometry. As given by the latter the average polynya area in the Kara Sea takes a value of 21.2 x 10³ km² ± 9.1 x 10³ km² for winters (Jan.–Apr.) 1996/97 to 2000/01, being as high as 32.0 x 10³km² in 1999/2000 and below 12 x 10³ km² in 1998/99. Day-to-day variations of the Kara Sea polynya area can be as high as 50 x 10³ km². For the seasons 1996/ 97 to 2000/01 the modeled cumulative winter ice-volume flux out of the Kara Sea varied between 100 km³a¹ and 350 km³a¹. Modeled high (low) ice export coincides with a high (low) average and cumulative polynya area, and with a low (high) sea-ice compactness in the Kara Sea from remote sensing data, and with a high (low) sea-ice drift speed across its northern boundary derived from independent model data for the winters 1996/97 to 2000/01