Supporting Information

Release of resource constraints allows greater carbon allocation to secondary metabolites and storage in winter wheat

Authors: Jianbei Huang, Almuth Hammerbacher, Lenka Forkelová, Henrik Hartmann

Table S1 Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations and C/N ratios in leaves, stems, and roots of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Genius) for the three [CO2] treatments: 680 ppm [CO2], 390 ppm [CO2] and 170 ppm [CO2]. Values represent the means (SD) of three individual chambers. Different letters indicate significant differences between [CO2] treatments (P<0.05, Tukey’s HSD).

Table S2 Molecular formula, molecular weight, and C fraction of standards that are used for quantification of secondary metabolites in leaves, stems, and roots of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Genius).

Fig. S1 Concentrations of Ferulic acid-based (a), Luteolin-based (b), chrysoeriol-based (c) and tricin-based (d) and apigenin-based (e) secondary metabolites in leaves of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Genius) for the three [CO2] treatments: 680 ppm [CO2] (squares, blue line); 390 ppm [CO2] (circles, black line); 170 ppm [CO2] (triangles, red line). Values are the means (mg g-1) of three individual chambers; error bars represent ± 1 SD. Significant differences between 680 ppm and 170 ppm [CO2] treatments compared to ambient [CO2] (390 ppm) are indicated by filled symbols (P<0.05, Tukey’s HSD).

Fig. S2 Concentrations of Putrescine-based (a), DIMBOA-Glc-based (b),and HDMBOA-Glc-based (c) secondary metabolites in roots of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Genius) for the three [CO2] treatments: 680 ppm [CO2] (squares, blue line); 390 ppm [CO2] (circles, black line); 170 ppm [CO2] (triangles, red line). Values are the means (mg g-1) of three individual chambers; error bars represent ± 1 SD. Significant differences between 680 ppm and 170 ppm [CO2] treatments compared to ambient [CO2] (390 ppm) are indicated by filled symbols (P<0.05, Tukey’s HSD).

Fig. S3 Correlations between leaf nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations (mg g-1) and leaf assimilation rate (nmol CO2 g-1 S-1) (a), and correlations between whole-plant NSC concentrations (mg g-1) and respiration rate (nmol CO2 g-1 S-1) (b) in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Genius) for the three [CO2] treatments: 680 ppm [CO2] (squares, blue line); 390 ppm [CO2] (circles, black line); 170 ppm [CO2] (triangles, red line). Values are the means of three individual chambers; error bars are ± 1 SD.

Fig. S4 Correlations between leaf nitrogen (N) concentrations (mg g-1) and assimilation rate (nmol CO2 g-1 S-1) in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Genius) for the three [CO2] treatments: 680 ppm [CO2] (squares, blue line); 390 ppm [CO2] (circles, black line); 170 ppm [CO2] (triangles, red line). Values are the means of three individual chambers; error bars are ± 1 SD.