Monitoring the Structure Evolution of Titanium Oxide Photocatalysts: From the 
Molecular Form via the Amorphous State to the Crystalline Phase

Onur Şahin, Ezgi; Dai, Yitao; Chan, Candace K.; Tüysüz, Harun; Schmidt, Wolfgang; Lim, Joohyun; Zhang, Siyuan; Scheu, Christina; Weidenthaler, Claudia

doi:10.1002/chem.202101117

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Monitoring the Structure Evolution of Titanium Oxide Photocatalysts: From the Molecular Form via the Amorphous State to the Crystalline Phase

MPG-Autoren

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Onur Şahin, Ezgi
Research Group Weidenthaler, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Max Planck Society;

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Dai, Yitao
Research Group Tüysüz, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Max Planck Society;

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Chan, Candace K.
Research Group Tüysüz, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Max Planck Society;
Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (SEMTE), Arizona State University;

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Tüysüz, Harun
Research Group Tüysüz, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Max Planck Society;

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Schmidt, Wolfgang
Research Group Schmidt, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons225581

Lim, Joohyun
Nanoanalytics and Interfaces, Independent Max Planck Research Groups, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max Planck Society;
Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University 24341 Chuncheon, Republic of Korea;

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Zhang, Siyuan
Nanoanalytics and Interfaces, Independent Max Planck Research Groups, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max Planck Society;

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Scheu, Christina
Nanoanalytics and Interfaces, Independent Max Planck Research Groups, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons59100

Weidenthaler, Claudia
Research Group Weidenthaler, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Max Planck Society;

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Zitation

Onur Şahin, E., Dai, Y., Chan, C. K., Tüysüz, H., Schmidt, W., Lim, J., et al. (2021). Monitoring the Structure Evolution of Titanium Oxide Photocatalysts: From the Molecular Form via the Amorphous State to the Crystalline Phase. Chemistry – A European Journal, 27, 1-10. doi:10.1002/chem.202101117.

Zitierlink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0008-F434-A

Zusammenfassung

Amorphous Ti_xO_y with high surface area has attracted significant interest as photocatalyst with higher activity in ultraviolet (UV) light-induced water splitting applications compared to commercial nanocrystalline TiO₂. Under photocatalytic operation conditions, the structure of the molecular titanium alkoxide precursor rearranges upon hydrolysis and leads to higher connectivity of the structure-building units. Structurally ordered domains with sizes smaller than 7 Å form larger aggregates. The experimental scattering data can be explained best with a structure model consisting of an anatase-like core and a distorted shell. Upon exposure to UV light, the white Ti_xO_y suspension turns dark corresponding to the reduction of Ti⁴⁺ to Ti³⁺ as confirmed by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Heat-induced crystallisation was followed by in situ temperature-dependent total scattering experiments. First, ordering in the Ti−O environment takes place upon to 350 °C. Above this temperature, the distorted anatase core starts to grow but the structure obtained at 400 °C is still not fully ordered.