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Abstract

In this thesis, a contribution is made towards the realisation of an upcoming experiment
for the investigation of non-linear effects occurring in the interaction of
ultra-short, high-intensity X-ray laser pulses (provided by the European XFEL)
and high-density neon gas, based on transient absorption spectroscopy. The aim
is to excite K-shell electrons with a photon energy of 867:5 eV. The target vacuum
setup, constructed for this purpose, is described in detail and a model to
characterise the pressure conditions prevailing during the experiment's operation,
depending on the input pressure, is developed. This is based on the theory of
gas ow and thus on the selection of an appropriate theory for calculating the
conductance-values that classify central components of the experiment. Subsequently,
corresponding pressure measurement data is discussed, aiming to identify
the most reliable method of predicting the chamber pressures. In the second part,
a numerical simulation model, adapted for the neon experiment and based on the
Schrödinger equation, is presented along with a discussion of the results obtained.
Here, emphasis is put on a potential manipulation of the absorption line shapes by
means of transient energy shifts and on the amplification of resonant X-ray laser
light at particularly high peak intensity values.