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Gut microbiota link dietary fiber intake and short-chain fatty acid metabolism with eating behavior

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Medawar,  Evelyn
Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;
Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany;
Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany;

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Thieleking,  Ronja
Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;

Wiegank,  Charlotte
Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Horstmann,  Annette
Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;
Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland;
Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany;

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Villringer,  Arno
Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;
Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany;
Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany;

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Witte,  A. Veronica
Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;
Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany;

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Medawar_Haange_2021.pdf
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Citation

Medawar, E., Haange, S.-B., Rolle-Kampczyk, U., Engelmann, B., Dietrich, A., Thieleking, R., et al. (2021). Gut microbiota link dietary fiber intake and short-chain fatty acid metabolism with eating behavior. Translational Psychiatry, 11(1): 500. doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01620-3.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-5E36-2
Abstract
The gut microbiome has been speculated to modulate feeding behavior through multiple factors, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Evidence on this relationship in humans is however lacking. We aimed to explore if specific bacterial genera relate to eating behavior, diet, and SCFA in adults. Moreover, we tested whether eating-related microbiota relate to treatment success in patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Anthropometrics, dietary fiber intake, eating behavior, 16S-rRNA-derived microbiota, and fecal and serum SCFA were correlated in young overweight adults (n = 27 (9 F), 21–36 years, BMI 25–31 kg/m2). Correlated genera were compared in RYGB (n = 23 (16 F), 41–70 years, BMI 25–62 kg/m2) and control patients (n = 17 (11 F), 26–69 years, BMI 25–48 kg/m2). In young adults, 7 bacteria genera, i.e., Alistipes, Blautia, Clostridiales cluster XVIII, Gemmiger, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, and Streptococcus, correlated with healthier eating behavior, while 5 genera, i.e., Clostridiales cluster IV and XIVb, Collinsella, Fusicatenibacter, and Parabacteroides, correlated with unhealthier eating (all | r | > 0.4, FDR-corrected p < 0.05). Some of these genera including Parabacteroides related to fiber intake and SCFA, and to weight status and treatment response in overweight/obese patients. In this exploratory analysis, specific bacterial genera, particularly Parabacteroides, were associated with weight status and eating behavior in two small, independent and well-characterized cross-sectional samples. These preliminary findings suggest two groups of presumably beneficial and unfavorable genera that relate to eating behavior and weight status, and indicate that dietary fiber and SCFA metabolism may modify these relationships. Larger interventional studies are needed to distinguish correlation from causation.