Retrieval of the dayside atmosphere of WASP-43b with CRIRES+

Lesjak, F.; Nortmann, L.; Yan, F.; Cont, D.; Reiners, A.; Piskunov, N.; Hatzes, A.; Boldt-Christmas, L.; Czesla, S.; Heiter, U.; Kochukhov, O.; Lavail, A.; Nagel, E.; Rains, A. D.; Rengel, M.; Rodler, F.; Seemann, U.; Shulyak, D.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347151

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Retrieval of the dayside atmosphere of WASP-43b with CRIRES⁺

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Rengel, M.
Planetary Science Department, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Max Planck Society;

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https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023A&A...678A..23L
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Lesjak, F., Nortmann, L., Yan, F., Cont, D., Reiners, A., Piskunov, N., Hatzes, A., Boldt-Christmas, L., Czesla, S., Heiter, U., Kochukhov, O., Lavail, A., Nagel, E., Rains, A. D., Rengel, M., Rodler, F., Seemann, U., & Shulyak, D. (2023). Retrieval of the dayside atmosphere of WASP-43b with CRIRES⁺. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 678, A23. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347151.

引用: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000D-C4BA-4

要旨

Accurately estimating the C/O ratio of hot Jupiter atmospheres is a promising pathway towards understanding planet formation and migration, as well as the formation of clouds and the overall atmospheric composition. The atmosphere of the hot Jupiter WASP-43b has been extensively analysed using low-resolution observations with HST and Spitzer, but these previous observations did not cover the K band, which hosts prominent spectral features of major carbon-bearing species such as CO and CH₄. As a result, the ability to establish precise constraints on the C/O ratio was limited. Moreover, the planet has not been studied at high spectral resolution, which can provide insights into the atmospheric dynamics. In this study, we present the first high-resolution dayside spectra of WASP-43b with the new CRIRES⁺ spectrograph. By observing the planet in the K band, we successfully detected the presence of CO and provide evidence for the existence of H₂O using the cross-correlation method. This discovery represents the first direct detection of CO in the atmosphere of WASP-43b. Furthermore, we retrieved the temperature-pressure profile, abundances of CO and H₂O, and a super-solar C/O ratio of 0.78 by applying a Bayesian retrieval framework to the data. Our findings also shed light on the atmospheric characteristics of WASP-43b. We found no evidence for a cloud deck on the dayside, and recovered a line broadening indicative of an equatorial super-rotation corresponding to a jet with a wind speed of ~5kms⁻¹, matching the results of previous forward models and low-resolution atmospheric retrievals for this planet.