Augmented humoral response to third and fourth dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines 
in lung transplant recipients

Kawana, Shinichi; Sugimoto, Seiichiro; Matsubara, Kei; Choshi, Haruki; Tanaka, Shin; Ishihara, Megumi; Habu, Tomohiro; Hashimoto, Kohei; Suzawa, Ken; Shien, Kazuhiko; Miyoshi, Kentaroh; Okazaki, Mikio; Nakayama, Masanori; Toyooka, Shinichi

doi:10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.004

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Augmented humoral response to third and fourth dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in lung transplant recipients

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Nakayama, Masanori
Cell Polarity and Organogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Max Planck Society;

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Zitation

Kawana, S., Sugimoto, S., Matsubara, K., Choshi, H., Tanaka, S., Ishihara, M., et al. (2024). Augmented humoral response to third and fourth dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in lung transplant recipients. RESPIRATORY INVESTIGATION, 62(5), 804-810. doi:10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.004.

Zitierlink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0010-08E2-6

Zusammenfassung

Background: Since lung transplant recipients (LTRs) exhibit low immunogenicity after two doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, optimal vaccine strategies for SARS-CoV-2 are required in LTRs. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of the third and fourth doses of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in LTRs. Methods: We conducted a single-center study of 73 LTRs and 23 healthy controls (HCs). Participants received two-to-four doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. The LTRs were divided into three groups based on the number of vaccine dose. IgG titers against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were measured, and adverse events were assessed. Factors associated with humoral response were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: The Dose 4 group (n = 27) had a higher humoral response rate (P = 0.018) and higher levels of antiSARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody (P = 0.04) than the Dose 2 group (n = 14). The Dose 3 group (n = 32) had lower humoral response rates (P = 0.005) and levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody (P = 0.0005) than the HCs (n = 23) even after the same dose. Systemic adverse events were milder in the LTRs than in the HCs (P < 0.05). Increased number of vaccine dose was identified as a predictor of positive humoral response (P = 0.021). Conclusion: Booster doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines may enhance humoral response with mild adverse events in LTRs. Repeated vaccination might be warranted for LTRs to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.