Increased wakefulness as measured by the WAKE-16 is related to mindfulness and 
emotional self-regulation in experienced Buddhist meditators

Flatten, Christine; Linares Gutiérrez, Damisela; Kübel, Sebastian; Taylor, Steve; Wittmann, Marc

doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.04.005

Item

ITEM ACTIONSEXPORT

Add to Basket

Local TagsRelease HistoryDetailsSummary

Released

Contribution to Collected Edition

Increased wakefulness as measured by the WAKE-16 is related to mindfulness and emotional self-regulation in experienced Buddhist meditators

MPS-Authors

/persons/resource/persons252634

Kübel, Sebastian
Criminology, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Crime, Security and Law, Max Planck Society;

External Resource

https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.04.005
(Any fulltext)

Fulltext (restricted access)

There are currently no full texts shared for your IP range.

Fulltext (public)

There are no public fulltexts stored in PuRe

Supplementary Material (public)

There is no public supplementary material available

Citation

Flatten, C., Linares Gutiérrez, D., Kübel, S., Taylor, S., & Wittmann, M. (2024). Increased wakefulness as measured by the WAKE-16 is related to mindfulness and emotional self-regulation in experienced Buddhist meditators. In T. Dotan Ben-Soussan, J. Glicksohn, & N. Srinivasan (Eds.), The Neurophysiology of Silence (C): Creativity, Aesthetic Experience and Time. Progress in Brain Research (pp. 287-307). Elsevier. doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.04.005.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000F-C092-2

Abstract

Introduction: We tested and validated the German version of a new instrument for measuring “wakefulness,” defined as “an expansive, higher-functioning, and stable state of being in which a person's vision of and relationship to the world are transformed, along with their subjective experience, their sense of identity and their conceptual outlook” (Taylor, 2017, p. 22). Methods: In order to test the construct validity of the new instrument (Inventory of Secular/Spiritual Wakefulness; WAKE-16), we performed a parametric comparison between a group of expert meditators (n=36) with a history of predominantly meditating in silence and demographically matched non-meditators (n=36) for the WAKE-16 and two conceptually related questionnaires of mindfulness and emotion regulation. Results: Significantly higher scores for the meditators on the WAKE-16 indicate construct validity of the new instrument. Meditators scored higher on the two mindfulness subscales “presence” and “acceptance,” as well as on the SEE subscales of emotion regulation and body-related symbolization of emotions. Within the group of meditators, there were significant correlations between wakefulness and mindfulness, accepting one's own emotions, and experiencing overwhelming emotions. The only significant correlation in non-meditators was found between wakefulness and accepting one's own emotions. Discussion: The new instrument shows construct validity by discriminating between the two groups. Correlations between wakefulness and related psychological constructs indicate convergent validity. Future studies could attempt to increase discriminatory accuracy of the definition of wakefulness, as well as finding objective methods of measuring.