Oligodendroglial fatty acid metabolism as a central nervous system energy 
reserve

Asadollahi, Ebrahim; Trevisiol, Andrea; Saab, Aiman S.; Looser, Zoe J.; Dibaj, Payam; Ebrahimi, Reyhane; Kusch, Kathrin; Ruhwedel, Torben; Möbius, Wiebke; Jahn, Olaf; Lee, Jun Yup; Don, Anthony S.; Khalil, Michelle-Amirah; Hiller, Karsten; Baes, Myriam; Weber, Bruno; Abel, E. Dale; Ballabio, Andrea; Popko, Brian; Kassmann, Celia M.; Ehrenreich, Hannelore; Hirrlinger, Johannes; Nave, Klaus-Armin

doi:10.1038/s41593-024-01749-6

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Oligodendroglial fatty acid metabolism as a central nervous system energy reserve

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Asadollahi, Ebrahim
Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Trevisiol, Andrea
Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Saab, Aiman S.
Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Dibaj, Payam
Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Ebrahimi, Reyhane
Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Kusch, Kathrin
Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Ruhwedel, Torben
Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Möbius, Wiebke
Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Jahn, Olaf
Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Kassmann, Celia M.
Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Ehrenreich, Hannelore
Research Group of Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons182320

Nave, Klaus-Armin
Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Asadollahi, E., Trevisiol, A., Saab, A. S., Looser, Z. J., Dibaj, P., Ebrahimi, R., et al. (2024). Oligodendroglial fatty acid metabolism as a central nervous system energy reserve. Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/s41593-024-01749-6.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000F-DDD7-6

Abstract

Brain function requires a constant supply of glucose. However, the brain has no known energy stores, except for glycogen granules in astrocytes. In the present study, we report that continuous oligodendroglial lipid metabolism provides an energy reserve in white matter tracts. In the isolated optic nerve from young adult mice of both sexes, oligodendrocytes survive glucose deprivation better than astrocytes. Under low glucose, both axonal ATP levels and action potentials become dependent on fatty acid β-oxidation. Importantly, ongoing oligodendroglial lipid degradation feeds rapidly into white matter energy metabolism. Although not supporting high-frequency spiking, fatty acid β-oxidation in mitochondria and oligodendroglial peroxisomes protects axons from conduction blocks when glucose is limiting. Disruption of the glucose transporter GLUT1 expression in oligodendrocytes of adult mice perturbs myelin homeostasis in vivo and causes gradual demyelination without behavioral signs. This further suggests that the imbalance of myelin synthesis and degradation can underlie myelin thinning in aging and disease.