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  Using aquaplanets to understand the robust responses of comprehensive climate models to forcing

Medeiros, B., Stevens, B., & Bony, S. (2015). Using aquaplanets to understand the robust responses of comprehensive climate models to forcing. Climate Dynamics, 44, 1957-1977. doi:10.1007/s00382-014-2138-0.

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10.1007-s00382-014-2138-0.pdf (Publisher version), 3MB
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382_2014_2138_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (Supplementary material), 441KB
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 Creators:
Medeiros, Brian, Author
Stevens, Bjorn1, Author                 
Bony, Sandrine, Author
Affiliations:
1Director’s Research Group AES, The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society, ou_913570              

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Free keywords: Climate change, Climate models, Cloud radiative effect, Aquaplanet, Tropospheric adjustment, Climate feedbacks
 Abstract: Idealized climate change experiments using fixed sea-surface temperature are investigated to determine whether zonally symmetric aquaplanet configurations are useful for understanding climate feedbacks in more realistic configurations. The aquaplanets capture many of the robust responses of the large-scale circulation and hydrologic cycle to both warming the sea-surface temperature and quadrupling atmospheric CO2. The cloud response to both perturbations varies across models in both Earth-like and aquaplanet configurations, and this spread arises primarily from regions of large-scale subsidence. Most models produce a consistent cloud change across the subsidence regimes, and the feedback in trade-wind cumulus regions dominates the tropical response. It is shown that these trade-wind regions have similar cloud feedback in Earth-like and aquaplanet warming experiments. The tropical average cloud feedback of the Earth-like experiment is captured by five of eight aquaplanets, and the three outliers are investigated to understand the discrepancy. In two models, the discrepancy is due to warming induced dissipation of stratocumulus decks in the Earth-like configuration which are not represented in the aquaplanet. One model shows a circulation response in the aquaplanet experiment accompanied by a cloud response that differs from the Earth-like configuration. Quadrupling atmospheric CO2 in aquaplanets produces slightly greater adjusted forcing than in Earth-like configurations, showing that land-surface effects dampen the adjusted forcing. The analysis demonstrates how aquaplanets, as part of a model hierarchy, help elucidate robust aspects of climate change and develop understanding of the processes underlying them. © 2014 The Author(s).

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 20152015-04
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1007/s00382-014-2138-0
 Degree: -

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Project name : EUCLIPSE
Grant ID : 244067
Funding program : Funding Programme 7 (FP7)
Funding organization : European Commission (EC)

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Title: Climate Dynamics
  Other : Clim. Dyn.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Heidelberg : Springer-International
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 44 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 1957 - 1977 Identifier: ISSN: 0930-7575
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925568800