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  Proposed Imaging of the Ultrafast Electronic Motion in Samples using X-Ray Phase Contrast

Dixit, G., Slowik, J. M., & Santra, R. (2013). Proposed Imaging of the Ultrafast Electronic Motion in Samples using X-Ray Phase Contrast. Physical Review Letters, 110(13): 137403. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.137403.

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 Creators:
Dixit, Gopal1, Author
Slowik, Jan Malte1, 2, 3, Author           
Santra, Robin1, 3, Author
Affiliations:
1Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany, ou_persistent22              
2International Max Planck Research School for Ultrafast Imaging & Structural Dynamics (IMPRS-UFAST), Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society, ou_2266714              
3Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: PACS numbers: 78.70.Ck, 61.05.cf, 82.53.Eb, 87.15.ht
 Abstract: Tracing the motion of electrons has enormous relevance to understanding ubiquitous phenomena in ultrafast science, such as the dynamical evolution of the electron density during complex chemical and biological processes. Scattering of ultrashort x-ray pulses from an electronic wave packet would appear to be the most obvious approach to image the electronic motion in real time and real space with the notion that such scattering patterns, in the far-field regime, encode the instantaneous electron density of the wave packet. However, recent results by Dixit et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109, 11 636 (2012)] have put this notion into question and have shown that the scattering in the far-field regime probes spatiotemporal density-density correlations. Here, we propose a possible way to image the instantaneous electron density of the wave packet via ultrafast x-ray phase contrast imaging. Moreover, we show that inelastic scattering processes, which plague ultrafast scattering in the far-field regime, do not contribute in ultrafast x-ray phase contrast imaging as a consequence of an interference effect. We illustrate our general findings by means of a wave packet that lies in the time and energy range of the dynamics of valence electrons in complex molecular and biological systems. This present work offers a potential to image not only instantaneous snapshots of nonstationary electron dynamics, but also the Laplacian of these snapshots which provide information about the complex bonding and topology of the charge distributions in the systems.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2012-08-212013-03-262013-03-29
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: 5
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.137403
arXiv: 1302.6751
 Degree: -

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Title: Physical Review Letters
  Abbreviation : Phys. Rev. Lett.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Woodbury, N.Y. : American Physical Society
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 110 (13) Sequence Number: 137403 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 0031-9007
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925433406_1