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  Reliance on model-based and model-free control in obesity

Janssen, L., Mahner, F. P., Schlagenhauf, F., Deserno, L., & Horstmann, A. (2020). Reliance on model-based and model-free control in obesity. Scientific Reports, 10(1): 22433. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-79929-0.

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 Creators:
Janssen, Lieneke1, 2, Author           
Mahner, Florian P.2, Author
Schlagenhauf, Florian2, 3, Author           
Deserno, Lorenz1, 2, 4, 5, 6, Author           
Horstmann, Annette1, 2, 7, Author           
Affiliations:
1Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
2Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634549              
3Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany, ou_persistent22              
4Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, United Kingdom, ou_persistent22              
5Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom, ou_persistent22              
6Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany, ou_persistent22              
7Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: Decision; Human behaviour; Learning algorithms; Reward
 Abstract: Consuming more energy than is expended may reflect a failure of control over eating behaviour in obesity. Behavioural control arises from a balance between two dissociable strategies of reinforcement learning: model-free and model-based. We hypothesized that weight status relates to an imbalance in reliance on model-based and model-free control, and that it may do so in a linear or quadratic manner. To test this, 90 healthy participants in a wide BMI range [normal-weight (n = 31), overweight (n = 29), obese (n = 30)] performed a sequential decision-making task. The primary analysis indicated that obese participants relied less on model-based control than overweight and normal-weight participants, with no difference between overweight and normal-weight participants. In line, secondary continuous analyses revealed a negative linear, but not quadratic, relationship between BMI and model-based control. Computational modelling of choice behaviour suggested that a mixture of both strategies was shifted towards less model-based control in obese participants. Our findings suggest that obesity may indeed be related to an imbalance in behavioural control as expressed in a phenotype of less model-based control potentially resulting from enhanced reliance on model-free computations.

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Language(s): -
 Dates: 2019-07-192020-12-082020-12-31
 Publication Status: Published online
 Pages: -
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 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79929-0
PMID: 33384425
PMC: PMC7775466
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Funding organization : Projekt DEAL
Project name : -
Grant ID : 01EO1501
Funding program : -
Funding organization : Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF)
Project name : -
Grant ID : 209933839-SFB 1052
Funding program : -
Funding organization : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)

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Title: Scientific Reports
  Abbreviation : Sci. Rep.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: London, UK : Nature Publishing Group
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 10 (1) Sequence Number: 22433 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 2045-2322
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/2045-2322