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MPINP:
Research group J. Evers – Division C. H. Keitel
Abstract:
In x-ray quantum optics, many experimental schemes and techniques that are widely
used at visible frequencies are hard to implement. Key difficulties are the measurement
of complex phases on the detection side and temporal pulse shaping on the light
source side. In this thesis, a method to reconstruct complex phases of light fields
and motions as a phase-related observable from experimental data is developed. It
is based on temporal phase interference, in which the interference with a well-known
reference sample can be measured as a function of time. Furthermore, the experimental
realization of temporal pulse shaping including the creation of double pulses
with a polarization interferometer is demonstrated. It is the first experiment using
mechanically-induced refractive index enhancement, which controls the polarization
interference. In addition, the polarization interferometer operated at minimal intensity
provides a tool to analyze background noise in the experiment. This noise
includes the presence of sound waves both in the laboratory and in the samples as
well as small uncontrolled vibrations of the samples. The presented methods in this
thesis are not wavelength-dependent and can thus in principle be used at arbitrary
energies.
