A liquid flow cell to study the electronic structure of liquids with soft X-rays

Fuchsa, Oliver; Maier, Florian; Weinhardt, Lothar; Weigand, Markus; Blum, Monika; Zharnikov, Michael; Denlinger, Jonathan; Grunze, Michael; Heske, Clemens; Umbach, Eberhard

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2007.10.029

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A liquid flow cell to study the electronic structure of liquids with soft X-rays

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Grunze, Michael
Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Max Planck Society;

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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016890020702205X/pdfft?md5=06afd0a41c8803c372beebf25514d8f7&pid=1-s2.0-S016890020702205X-main.pdf
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Citation

Fuchsa, O., Maier, F., Weinhardt, L., Weigand, M., Blum, M., Zharnikov, M., et al. (2008). A liquid flow cell to study the electronic structure of liquids with soft X-rays. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 585(3), 172-177. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2007.10.029.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-9EA2-6

Abstract

We describe the design of a temperature-controlled flow-through liquid cell dedicated to the study of liquids with soft X-rays. The cell can be operated with internal ambient pressure and is mounted on a standard vacuum manipulator, making it compatible to the ultra-high vacuum environment required in synchrotron beamlines. The liquid is separated from the vacuum by a thin membrane, allowing the use of soft X-ray photon-in–photon-out techniques such as X-ray emission and fluorescence-yield X-ray absorption spectroscopy to study the electronic structure of liquids and liquid–solid interfaces. Special care was taken for a rapid and effective flow of the liquid inside the cell in order to minimize local heating and beam damage effects. To illustrate the capabilities, oxygen K X-ray emission spectra of D2O and H2O are presented and briefly discussed together with possible problems that may arise from X-ray-induced oxide formation at the membrane–liquid interface.