GW190412: Observation of a Binary-Black-Hole Coalescence with Asymmetric Masses

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration; The Virgo Collaboration; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abraham, S.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adhikari, R. X.; Adya, V. B.; Affeldt, C.; Agathos, M.; Agatsuma, K.; Aggarwal, N.; Aguiar, O. D.; Aich, A.; Aiello, L.; Ain, A.; Ajith, P.; Akcay, S.; Allen, G.; Allocca, A.; Altin, P. A.; Amato, A.; Anand, S.; Ananyeva, A.; Anderson, S. B.; Anderson, W. G.; Angelova, S. V.; Ansoldi, S.; Antier, S.; Appert, S.; Arai, K.; Araya, M. C.; Areeda, J. S.; Arène, M.; Arnaud, N.; Aronson, S. M.; Arun, K. G.; Asali, Y.; Ascenzi, S.; Ashton, G.; Aston, S. M.; Astone, P.; Aubin, F.; Aufmuth, P.; AultONeal, K.; Austin, C.; Avendano, V.; Babak, S.; Bacon, P.; Badaracco, F.; Bader, M. K. M.; Bae, S.; Baer, A. M.; Baird, J.; Baldaccini, F.; Ballardin, G.; Ballmer, S. W.; Bals, A.; Balsamo, A.; Baltus, G.; Banagiri, S.; Bankar, D.; Bankar, R. S.; Barayoga, J. C.; Barbieri, C.; Barish, B. C.; Barker, D.; Barkett, K.; Barneo, P.; Barone, F.; Barr, B.; Barsotti, L.; Barsuglia, M.; Barta, D.; Bartlett, J.; Bartos, I.; Bassiri, R.; Basti, A.; Bawaj, M.; Bayley, J. C.; Bazzan, M.; Bécsy, B.; Bejger, M.; Belahcene, I.; Bell, A. S.; Beniwal, D.; Benjamin, M. G.; Benkel, R.; Bentley, J. D.; Bergamin, F.; Berger, B. K.; Bergmann, G.; Bernuzzi, S.; Berry, C. P. L.; Bersanetti, D.; Bertolini, A.; Betzwieser, J.; Bhandare, R.; Bhandari, A. V.; Bidler, J.; Biggs, E.; Bilenko, I. A.; Billingsley, G.; Birney, R.; Birnholtz, O.; Biscans, S.; Bischi, M.; Biscoveanu, S.; Bisht, A.; Bissenbayeva, G.; Bitossi, M.; Bizouard, M. A.; Blackburn, J. K.; Blackman, J.; Blair, C. D.; Blair, D. G.; Blair, R. M.; Bobba , F.; Bode, N.; Boer, M.; Boetzel, Y.; Bogaert, G.; Bondu, F.; Bonilla, E.; Bonnand, R.; Booker , P.; Boom, B. A.; Bork, R.; Boschi, V.; Bose, S.; Bossilkov, V.; Bosveld, J.; Bouffanais, Y.; Bozzi, A.; Bradaschia, C.; Brady, P. R.; Bramley, A.; Branchesi, M.; Brau, J. E.; Breschi, M.; Briant, T.; Briggs, J. H.; Brighenti, F.; Brillet, A.; Brinkmann, M.; Brito, R.; Brockill, P.; Brooks, A. F.; Brooks, J.; Brown, D. D.; Brunett, S.; Bruno, G.; Bruntz, R.; Buikema, A.; Bulik, T.; Bulten, H. J.; Buonanno, A.; Buskulic, D.; Byer, R. L.; Cabero, M.; Cadonati, L.; Cagnoli, G.; Cahillane, C.; Bustillo, J. Calderón; Callaghan, J. D.; Callister, T. A.; Calloni, E.; Camp, J. B.; Canepa, M.; Cannon, K. C.; Cao, H.; Cao, J.; Carapella, G.; Carbognani, F.; Caride, S.; Carney, M. F.; Carullo, G.; Diaz, J. Casanueva; Casentini, C.; Castañeda, J.; Caudill, S.; Cavaglià, M.; Cavalier, F.; Cavalieri, R.; Cella, G.; Cerdá-Durán, P.; Cesarini, E.; Chaibi, O.; Chakravarti, K.; Chan, C.; Chan, M.; Chao, S.; Charlton, P.; Chase, E. A.; Chassande-Mottin, E.; Chatterjee, D.; Chaturvedi, M.; Chatziioannou, K.; Chen, H. Y.; Chen, X.; Chen, Y.; Cheng, H. -P.; Cheong, C. K.; Chia, H. Y.; Chiadini, F.; Chierici, R.; Chincarini, A.; Chiummo, A.; Cho, G.; Cho, H. S.; Cho, M.; Christensen, N.; Chu, Q.; Chua, S.; Chung, K. W.; Chung, S.; Ciani, G.; Ciecielag, P.; Cie{ś}lar, M.; Ciobanu, A. A.; Ciolfi, R.; Cipriano, F.; Cirone, A.; Clara, F.; Clark, J. A.; Clearwater, P.; Clesse, S.; Cleva, F.; Coccia, E.; Cohadon, P. -F.; Cohen, D.; Colleoni, M.; Collette, C. G.; Collins, C.; Colpi, M.; Constancio, M.; Conti, L.; Cooper, S. J.; Corban, P.; Corbitt, T. R.; Cordero-Carrión, I.; Corezzi, S.; Corley, K. R.; Cornish, N.; Corre, D.; Corsi, A.; Cortese, S.; Costa, C. A.; Cotesta, R.; Coughlin, M. W.; Coughlin, S. B.; Coulon, J. -P.; Countryman, S. T.; Couvares, P.; Covas, P. B.; Coward, D. M.; Cowart, M. J.; Coyne, D. C.; Coyne, R.; Creighton, J. D. E.; Creighton, T. D.; Cripe, J.; Croquette, M.; Crowder, S. G.; Cudell, J. -R.; Cullen, T. J.; Cumming, A.; Cummings, R.; Cunningham, L.; Cuoco, E.; Curylo, M.; Dal Canton , T.; Dálya, G.; Dana, A.; Daneshgaran-Bajastani, L. M.; D'Angelo, B.; Danilishin, S.; D'Antonio, S.; Danzmann, K.; Darsow-Fromm, C.; Dasgupta, A.; Datrier, L. E. H.; Dattilo, V.; Dave, I.; Davier, M.; Davies, G. S.; Davis, D.; Daw, E. J.; DeBra, D.; Deenadayalan, M.; Degallaix, J.; De Laurentis, M.; Deléglise, S.; Delfavero, M.; De Lillo, N.; Del Pozzo, W.; DeMarchi, L. M.; D'Emilio, V.; Demos, N.; Dent, T.; De Pietri, R.; De Rosa, R.; De Rossi, C.; DeSalvo, R.; de Varona , O.; Dhurandhar, S.; Díaz, M. C.; Diaz-Ortiz, M.; Dietrich, T.; Di Fiore, L.; Di Fronzo, C.; Di Giorgio, C.; Di Giovanni, F.; Di Giovanni, M.; Di Girolamo, T.; Di Lieto, A.; Ding, B.; Di Pace, S.; Di Palma, I.; Di Renzo, F.; Divakarla, A. K.; Dmitriev, A.; Doctor, Z.; Donovan, F.; Dooley, K. L.; Doravari, S.; Dorrington, I.; Downes, T. P.; Drago, M.; Driggers, J. C.; Du, Z.; Ducoin, J. -G.; Dupej, P.; Durante, O.; D'Urso, D.; Dwyer, S. E.; Easter, P. J.; Eddolls, G.; Edelman, B.; Edo, T. B.; Edy, O.; Effler, A.; Ehrens, P.; Eichholz, J.; Eikenberry, S. S.; Eisenmann, M.; Eisenstein, R. A.; Ejlli, A.; Errico, L.; Essick, R. C.; Estelles, H.; Estevez, D.; Etienne, Z. B.; Etzel, T.; Evans, M.; Evans, T. M.; Ewing, B. E.; Fafone, V.; Fairhurst, S.; Fan, X.; Farinon, S.; Farr, B.; Farr, W. M.; Fauchon-Jones, E. J.; Favata, M.; Fays, M.; Fazio, M.; Feicht, J.; Fejer, M. M.; Feng, F.; Fenyvesi, E.; Ferguson, D. L.; Fernandez-Galiana, A.; Ferrante, I.; Ferreira, E. C.; Ferreira, T. A.; Fidecaro, F.; Fiori, I.; Fiorucci, D.; Fishbach, M.; Fisher, R. P.; Fittipaldi, R.; Fitz-Axen, M.; Fiumara, V.; Flaminio, R.; Floden, E.; Flynn, E.; Fong, H.; Font, J. A.; Forsyth, P. W. F.; Fournier, J. -D.; Frasca, S.; Frasconi, F.; Frei, Z.; Freise, A.; Frey, R.; Frey, V.; Fritschel, P.; Frolov, V. V.; Fronzè, G.; Fulda, P.; Fyffe, M.; Gabbard, H. A.; Gadre, B.; Gaebel, S. M.; Gair, J.; Galaudage, S.; Ganapathy, D.; Ganguly, A.; Gaonkar, S. G.; García-Quirós, C.; Garufi, F.; Gateley, B.; Gaudio, S.; Gayathri, V.; Gemme, G.; Genin, E.; Gennai, A.; George, D.; George, J.; Gergely, L.; Ghonge, S.; Ghosh, A.; Ghosh, Archisman; Ghosh, S.; Giacomazzo, B.; Giaime, J. A.; Giardina, K. D.; Gibson, D. R.; Gier, C.; Gill, K.; Glanzer, J.; Gniesmer, J.; Godwin, P.; Goetz, E.; Goetz, R.; Gohlke, N.; Goncharov, B.; González, G.; Gopakumar, A.; Gossan, S. E.; Gosselin, M.; Gouaty, R.; Grace, B.; Grado, A.; Granata, M.; Grant, A.; Gras, S.; Grassia, P.; Gray, C.; Gray, R.; Greco, G.; Green, A. C.; Green, R.; Gretarsson, E. M.; Griggs, H. L.; Grignani, G.; Grimaldi, A.; Grimm, S. J.; Grote, H.; Grunewald, S.; Gruning, P.; Guidi, G. M.; Guimaraes, A. R.; Guixé, G.; Gulati, H. K.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, Anchal; Gupta, P.; Gustafson, E. K.; Gustafson, R.; Haegel, L.; Halim, O.; Hall, E. D.; Hamilton, E. Z.; Hammond, G.; Haney, M.; Hanke, M.; Hanks, J.; Hanna, C.; Hannam, M. D.; Hannuksela, O. A.; Hansen, T. J.; Hanson, J.; Harder, T.; Hardwick, T.; Haris, K.; Harms, J.; Harry, G. M.; Harry, I. W.; Hasskew, R. K.; Haster, C. -J.; Haughian, K.; Hayes, F. J.; Healy, J.; Heidmann, A.; Heintze, M. C.; Heinze, J.; Heitmann, H.; Hellman, F.; Hello, P.; Hemming, G.; Hendry, M.; Heng, I. S.; Hennes, E.; Hennig, J.-S.; Heurs, M.; Hild, S.; Hinderer, T.; Hoback, S. Y.; Hochheim, S.; Hofgard, E.; Hofman, D.; Holgado, A. M.; Holland, N. A.; Holt, K.; Holz, D. E.; Hopkins, P.; Horst, C.; Hough, J.; Howell, E. J.; Hoy, C. G.; Huang, Y.; Hübner, M. T.; Huerta, E. A.; Huet, D.; Hughey, B.; Hui, V.; Husa, S.; Huttner, S. H.; Huxford, R.; Huynh-Dinh, T.; Idzkowski, B.; Iess, A.; Inchauspe, H.; Ingram, C.; Intini, G.; Isac, J. -M.; Isi, M.; Iyer, B. R.; Jacqmin, T.; Jadhav, S. J.; Jadhav, S. P.; James, A. L.; Jani, K.; Janthalur, N. N.; Jaranowski, P.; Jariwala, D.; Jaume, R.; Jenkins, A. C.; Jiang, J.; Johns, G. R.; Johnson-McDaniel, N. K.; Jones, A. W.; Jones, D. I.; Jones, J. D.; Jones, P.; Jones, R.; Jonker, R. J. G.; Ju, L.; Junker, J.; Kalaghatgi, C. V.; Kalogera, V.; Kamai, B.; Kandhasamy, S.; Kang, G.; Kanner, J. B.; Kapadia, S. J.; Karki, S.; Kashyap, R.; Kasprzack, M.; Kastaun, W.; Katsanevas, S.; Katsavounidis, E.; Katzman, W.; Kaufer, S.; Kawabe, K.; Kéfélian, F.; Keitel, D.; Keivani, A.; Kennedy, R.; Key, J. S.; Khadka, S.; Khalili, F. Y.; Khan, I.; Khan, S.; Khan, Z. A.; Khazanov, E. A.; Khetan, N.; Khursheed, M.; Kijbunchoo, N.; Kim, Chunglee; Kim, G. J.; Kim, J. C.; Kim, K.; Kim, W.; Kim, W. S.; Kim, Y. -M.; Kimball, C.; King, P. J.; Kinley-Hanlon, M.; Kirchhoff, R.; Kissel, J. S.; Kleybolte, L.; Klimenko, S.; Knowles, T. D.; Knyazev, E.; Koch, P.; Koehlenbeck, S.; Koekoek, G.; Koley, S.; Kondrashov, V.; Kontos, A.; Koper, N.; Korobko, M.; Korth, W. Z.; Kovalam, M.; Kozak, D. B.; Kringel, V.; Krishnendu , N. V.; Królak, A.; Krupinski, N.; Kuehn, G.; Kumar, A.; Kumar, P.; Kumar, Rahul; Kumar, Rakesh; Kumar, S.; Kuo, L.; Kutynia, A.; Lackey, B.; Laghi, D.; Lalande, E.; Lam, T. L.; Lamberts, A.; Landry, M.; Lane, B. B.; Lang, R. N.; Lange, J.; Lantz, B.; Lanza, R. K.; La Rosa, I.; Lartaux-Vollard, A.; Lasky, P. D.; Laxen, M.; Lazzarini, A.; Lazzaro, C.; Leaci, P.; Leavey, S.; Lecoeuche, Y. K.; Lee, C. H.; Lee, H. M.; Lee, H. W.; Lee, J.; Lee, K.; Lehmann, J.; Leroy, N.; Letendre, N.; Levin, Y.; Li, A. K. Y.; Li, J.; li, K.; Li, T. G. F.; Li, X.; Linde, F.; Linker, S. D.; Linley, J. N.; Littenberg, T. B.; Liu, J.; Liu, X.; Llorens-Monteagudo, M.; Lo, R. K. L.; Lockwood, A.; London, L. T.; Longo, A.; Lorenzini, M.; Loriette, V.; Lormand, M.; Losurdo, G.; Lough, J.; Lousto, C. O.; Lovelace, G.; Lück, H.; Lumaca, D.; Lundgren, A. P.; Ma, Y.; Macas, R.; Macfoy, S.; MacInnis, M.; Macleod, D. M.; MacMillan, I. A. O.; Macquet, A.; Hernandez, I. Magaña; Magaña-Sandoval, F.; Magee, R. M.; Majorana, E.; Maksimovic, I.; Malik, A.; Man, N.; Mandic, V.; Mangano, V.; Mansell, G. L.; Manske, M.; Mantovani, M.; Mapelli, M.; Marchesoni, F.; Marion, F.; Márka, S.; Márka, Z.; Markakis, C.; Markosyan, A. S.; Markowitz, A.; Maros, E.; Marquina, A.; Marsat, S.; Martelli, F.; Martin, I. W.; Martin, R. M.; Martinez, V.; Martynov, D. V.; Masalehdan, H.; Mason , K.; Massera, E.; Masserot, A.; Massinger, T. J.; Masso-Reid, M.; Mastrogiovanni, S.; Matas, A.; Matichard, F.; Mavalvala, N.; Maynard, E.; McCann, J. J.; McCarthy, R.; McClelland, D. E.; McCormick, S.; McCuller, L.; McGuire, S. C.; McIsaac, C.; McIver, J.; McManus, D. J.; McRae, T.; McWilliams, S. T.; Meacher, D.; Meadors, G. D.; Mehmet, M.; Mehta, A. K.; Villa, E. Mejuto; Melatos, A.; Mendell, G.; Mercer, R. A.; Mereni, L.; Merfeld, K.; Merilh, E. L.; Merritt, J. D.; Merzougui, M.; Meshkov, S.; Messenger, C.; Messick, C.; Metzdorff, R.; Meyers, P. M.; Meylahn, F.; Mhaske, A.; Miani, A.; Miao, H.; Michaloliakos, I.; Michel, C.; Middleton, H.; Milano, L.; Miller, A. L.; Miller, S.; Millhouse, M.; Mills, J. C.; Milotti, E.; Milovich-Goff, M. C.; Minazzoli, O.; Minenkov, Y.; Mishkin, A.; Mishra, C.; Mistry, T.; Mitra, S.; Mitrofanov, V. P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Mittleman, R.; Mo, G.; Mogushi, K.; Mohapatra, S. R. P.; Mohite, S. R.; Molina-Ruiz, M.; Mondin, M.; Montani, M.; Moore, C. J.; Moraru, D.; Morawski, F.; Moreno, G.; Morisaki, S.; Mours, B.; Mow-Lowry, C. M.; Mozzon, S.; Muciaccia, F.; Mukherjee, Arunava; Mukherjee, D.; Mukherjee, S.; Mukherjee, Subroto; Mukund, N.; Mullavey, A.; Munch, J.; Muñiz, E. A.; Murray, P. G.; Nagar, A.; Nardecchia, I.; Naticchioni, L.; Nayak, R. K.; Neil, B. F.; Neilson, J.; Nelemans, G.; Nelson, T. J. N.; Nery, M.; Neunzert, A.; Ng, K. Y.; Ng, S.; Nguyen, C.; Nguyen, P.; Nichols, D.; Nichols, S. A.; Nissanke, S.; Nocera, F.; Noh, M.; North, C.; Nothard, D.; Nuttall, L. K.; Oberling, J.; O'Brien, B. D.; Oganesyan, G.; Ogin, G. H.; Oh, J. J.; Oh, S. H.; Ohme, F.; Ohta, H.; Okada, M. A.; Oliver, M.; Olivetto, C.; Oppermann, P.; Oram, Richard J.; O'Reilly, B.; Ormiston, R. G.; Ortega, L. F.; O'Shaughnessy, R.; Ossokine, S.; Osthelder, C.; Ottaway, D. J.; Overmier, H.; Owen, B. J.; Pace, A. E.; Pagano , G.; Page, M. A.; Pagliaroli, G.; Pai, A.; Pai, S. A.; Palamos, J. R.; Palashov, O.; Palomba, C.; Pan, H.; Panda, P. K.; Pang, P. T. H.; Pankow, C.; Pannarale, F.; Pant, B. C.; Paoletti, F.; Paoli, A.; Parida, A.; Parker, W.; Pascucci, D.; Pasqualetti, A.; Passaquieti, R.; Passuello, D.; Patricelli, B.; Payne, E.; Pearlstone, B. L.; Pechsiri, T. C.; Pedersen, A. J.; Pedraza, M.; Pele, A.; Penn, S.; Perego, A.; Perez, C. J.; Périgois, C.; Perreca, A.; Perriès, S.; Petermann, J.; Pfeiffer, H.; Phelps, M.; Phukon, K. S.; Piccinni, O. J.; Pichot, M.; Piendibene, M.; Piergiovanni, F.; Pierro, V.; Pillant, G.; Pinard, L.; Pinto, I. M.; Piotrzkowski, K.; Pirello, M.; Pitkin, M.; Plastino, W.; Poggiani, R.; Pong, D. Y. T.; Ponrathnam, S.; Popolizio, P.; Porter, E. K.; Powell, J.; Prajapati, A. K.; Prasai, K.; Prasanna, R.; Pratten, G.; Prestegard, T.; Principe, M.; Prodi, G. A.; Prokhorov, L.; Punturo, M.; Puppo, P.; Pürrer, M.; Qi, H.; Quetschke, V.; Quinonez, P. J.; Raab, F. J.; Raaijmakers, G.; Radkins, H.; Radulesco, N.; Raffai, P.; Rafferty, H.; Raja, S.; Rajan, C.; Rajbhandari, B.; Rakhmanov, M.; Ramirez, K. E.; Ramos-Buades, A.; Rana, Javed; Rao, K.; Rapagnani, P.; Raymond, V.; Razzano, M.; Read, J.; Regimbau, T.; Rei, L.; Reid, S.; Reitze, D. H.; Rettegno, P.; Ricci, F.; Richardson, C. J.; Richardson, J. W.; Ricker, P. M.; Riemenschneider, G.; Riles, K.; Rizzo, M.; Robertson, N. A.; Robinet, F.; Rocchi, A.; Rodriguez-Soto, R. D.; Rolland, L.; Rollins, J. G.; Roma, V. J.; Romanelli, M.; Romano, R.; Romel, C. L.; Romero-Shaw, I. M.; Romie, J. H.; Rose, C. A.; Rose, D.; Rose, K.; Rosińska, D.; Rosofsky, S. G.; Ross, M. P.; Rowan, S.; Rowlinson, S. J.; Roy, P. K.; Roy, Santosh; Roy, Soumen; Ruggi, P.; Rutins, G.; Ryan, K.; Sachdev, S.; Sadecki, T.; Sakellariadou, M.; Salafia, O. S.; Salconi, L.; Saleem, M.; Samajdar, A.; Sanchez, E. J.; Sanchez, L. E.; Sanchis-Gual, N.; Sanders, J. R.; Santiago, K. A.; Santos, E.; Sarin, N.; Sassolas, B.; Sathyaprakash, B. S.; Sauter, O.; Savage, R. L.; Savant, V.; Sawant, D.; Sayah, S.; Schaetzl, D.; Schale, P.; Scheel, M.; Scheuer, J.; Schmidt, P.; Schnabel, R.; Schofield, R. M. S.; Schönbeck, A.; Schreiber, E.; Schulte, B.; Schutz, B. F.; Schwarm, O.; Schwartz, E.; Scott, J.; Scott, S. M.; Seidel, E.; Sellers, D.; Sengupta, A. S.; Sennett, N.; Sentenac, D.; Sequino, V.; Sergeev, A.; Setyawati, Y. E.; Shaddock, D. A.; Shaffer, T.; Shahriar, M. S.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, P.; Shawhan, P.; Shen, H.; Shikauchi, M.; Shink, R.; Shoemaker, D. H.; Shoemaker, D. M.; Shukla, K.; ShyamSundar, S.; Siellez, K.; Sieniawska, M.; Sigg, D.; Singer, L. P.; Singh, D.; Singh, N.; Singha, A.; Singhal, A.; Sintes, A. M.; Sipala, V.; Skliris, V.; Slagmolen, B. J. J.; Slaven-Blair, T. J.; Smetana, J.; Smith, J. R.; Smith, R. J. E.; Somala, S.; Son, E. J.; Soni, S.; Sorazu, B.; Sordini, V.; Sorrentino, F.; Souradeep, T.; Sowell, E.; Spencer, A. P.; Spera, M.; Srivastava, A. K.; Srivastava, V.; Staats, K.; Stachie, C.; Standke , M.; Steer, D. A.; Steinke, M.; Steinlechner, J.; Steinlechner, S.; Steinmeyer, D.; Stevenson, S.; Stocks, D.; Stops, D. J.; Stover, M.; Strain, K. A.; Stratta, G.; Strunk, A.; Sturani, R.; Stuver, A. L.; Sudhagar, S.; Sudhir, V.; Summerscales, T. Z.; Sun, L.; Sunil, S.; Sur, A.; Suresh, J.; Sutton, P. J.; Swinkels, B. L.; Szczepańczyk, M. J.; Tacca, M.; Tait, S. C.; Talbot, C.; Tanasijczuk, A. J.; Tanner, D. B.; Tao, D.; Tápai, M.; Tapia, A.; Martin, E. N. Tapia San; Tasson, J. D.; Taylor, R.; Tenorio, R.; Terkowski, L.; Thirugnanasambandam, M. P.; Thomas, M.; Thomas, P.; Thompson, J. E.; Thondapu, S. R.; Thorne, K. 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J.; Vinet, J. -Y.; Vitale, S.; Vivanco, Francisco Hernandez; Vo, T.; Vocca, H.; Vorvick, C.; Vyatchanin, S. P.; Wade, A. R.; Wade, L. E.; Wade, M.; Walet, R.; Walker, M.; Wallace, G. S.; Wallace, L.; Walsh, S.; Wang, J. Z.; Wang, S.; Wang, W. H.; Ward, R. L.; Warden, Z. A.; Warner, J.; Was, M.; Watchi, J.; Weaver, B.; Wei, L.-W.; Weinert, M.; Weinstein, A. J.; Weiss, R.; Wellmann, F.; Wen, L.; Weßels , P.; Westhouse, J. W.; Wette, K.; Whelan, J. T.; Whiting, B. F.; Whittle, C.; Wilken, D.; Williams, D.; Willis, J. L.; Willke, B.; Winkler, W.; Wipf, C. C.; Wittel, H.; Woan, G.; Woehler, J.; Wofford, J. K.; Wong, C.; Wright, J. L.; Wu, D.; Wysocki, D. M.; Xiao, L.; Yamamoto, H.; Yang, L.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Z.; Yap, M. J.; Yazback, M.; Yeeles, D. W.; Yu, Hang; Yu, Haocun; Yuen, S. H. R.; Zadrożny, A. K.; Zadrożny, A.; Zanolin, M.; Zelenova, T.; Zendri, J. -P.; Zevin, M.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, T.; Zhao, C.; Zhao, G.; Zhou, M.; Zhou, Z.; Zhu, X. J.; Zimmerman, A. B.; Zucker, M. E.; Zweizig, J.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.102.043015

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GW190412: Observation of a Binary-Black-Hole Coalescence with Asymmetric Masses

MPS-Authors

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Affeldt, C.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Benkel, R.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons231077

Bergamin, F.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons104891

Bergmann, G.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206562

Bode, N.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

Booker , P.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Brinkmann, M.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Brito, R.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons127862

Buonanno, A.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206564

Cabero, M.
Observational Relativity and Cosmology, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons226619

Cotesta, R.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

Dal Canton , T.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206566

Danilishin, S.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons40437

Danzmann, K.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

de Varona , O.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons231042

Gadre, B.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons238174

Gair, J.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons231044

Ghosh, A.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons231089

Gohlke, N.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons20658

Grunewald, S.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206572

Hanke, M.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons231099

Heinze, J.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons230632

Hennig, J.-S.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4315

Heurs, M.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

Hochheim, S.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons202939

Junker, J.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons216263

Kastaun, W.
Binary Merger Observations and Numerical Relativity, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons209079

Khan, S.
Binary Merger Observations and Numerical Relativity, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206583

Kirchhoff, R.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206585

Koch, P.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206587

Koehlenbeck, S.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons230636

Koper, N.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons40468

Kringel, V.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

Krishnendu , N. V.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206593

Lackey, B.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons226610

Leavey, S.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206589

Lehmann, J.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons231131

Liu, J.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206591

Lough, J.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons40475

Lück, H.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons228204

Matas, A.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons40477

Mehmet, M.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons252872

Mehta, A. K.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons231141

Meylahn, F.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons231145

Mukund, N.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206610

Nery, M.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4364

Ohme, F.
Binary Merger Observations and Numerical Relativity, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons104906

Oppermann, P.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons192111

Ossokine, S.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons213835

Pfeiffer, H.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons230638

Phelps, M.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons192115

Pürrer, M.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons40491

Schreiber, E.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206604

Schulte, B.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons192119

Sennett, N.
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons226613

Setyawati, Y. E.
Binary Merger Observations and Numerical Relativity, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

Standke , M.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206606

Steinke, M.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206608

Steinmeyer, D.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons230130

Torres-Forne, A.
Computational Relativistic Astrophysics, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons216222

Wei, L.-W.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons40509

Weinert, M.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons226615

Wellmann, F.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

Weßels , P.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons216226

Wilken, D.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons40511

Willke, B.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons40514

Winkler, W.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons40515

Wittel, H.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206612

Woehler, J.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206614

Wu, D.
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

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2004.08342.pdf
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PhysRevD.102.043015.pdf
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Citation

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abraham, S., Acernese, F., et al. (2020). GW190412: Observation of a Binary-Black-Hole Coalescence with Asymmetric Masses. Physical Review D, 102(4): 043015. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.102.043015.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0006-6FB8-F

Abstract

We report the observation of gravitational waves from a binary-black-hole
coalescence during the first two weeks of LIGO's and Virgo's third observing
run. The signal was recorded on April 12, 2019 at 05:30:44 UTC with a network
signal-to-noise ratio of 19. The binary is different from observations during
the first two observing runs most notably due to its asymmetric masses: a ~30
solar mass black hole merged with a ~8 solar mass black hole companion. The
more massive black hole rotated with a dimensionless spin magnitude between
0.17 and 0.59 (90% probability). Asymmetric systems are predicted to emit
gravitational waves with stronger contributions from higher multipoles, and
indeed we find strong evidence for gravitational radiation beyond the leading
quadrupolar order in the observed signal. A suite of tests performed on
GW190412 indicates consistency with Einstein's general theory of relativity.
While the mass ratio of this system differs from all previous detections, we
show that it is consistent with the population model of stellar binary black
holes inferred from the first two observing runs.