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Network integration of parallel metabolomics and transcirptional data reveals metabolic modules that regulate macrophage polarization

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Pearce,  E.J.
Department Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Max Planck Society;

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Jha, A., Huang, S., Sergushichev, A., Lampropoulo, V., Ivanova, Y., Loginicheva, E., et al. (2015). Network integration of parallel metabolomics and transcirptional data reveals metabolic modules that regulate macrophage polarization. Immunity, 42, 419-430. doi:org/10.1016/j.immuni.2015.02.005.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0006-C064-0
Abstract
Macrophage polarization involves a coordinated metabolic and transcriptional rewiring that is only partially understood. By using an integrated high-throughput transcriptional-metabolic profiling and analysis pipeline, we characterized systemic changes during murine macrophage M1 and M2 polarization. M2 polarization was found to activate glutamine catabolism and UDP-GlcNAc-associated modules. Correspondingly, glutamine deprivation or inhibition of N-glycosylation decreased M2 polarization and production of chemokine CCL22. In M1 macrophages, we identified a metabolic break at Idh, the enzyme that converts isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate, providing mechanistic explanation for TCA cycle fragmentation. 13C-tracer studies suggested the presence of an active variant of the aspartate-arginosuccinate shunt that compensated for this break. Consistently, inhibition of aspartate-aminotransferase, a key enzyme of the shunt, inhibited nitric oxide and interleukin-6 production in M1 macrophages, while promoting mitochondrial respiration. This systems approach provides a highly integrated picture of the physiological modules supporting macrophage polarization, identifying potential pharmacologic control points for both macrophage phenotypes.