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Crystal Structure of SpoVT, the Final Modulator of Gene Expression during Spore Development in Bacillus subtilis

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Djuranovic,  S       
Department Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

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Lupas,  AN       
Department Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

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Zeth,  K
Department Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Asen, I., Djuranovic, S., Lupas, A., & Zeth, K. (2009). Crystal Structure of SpoVT, the Final Modulator of Gene Expression during Spore Development in Bacillus subtilis. Journal of Molecular Biology (London), 386(4), 962-975. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2008.10.061.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000B-2559-8
Abstract
Endospore formation in Bacillus subtilis is orchestrated by five developmental sigma factors and further modulated by several auxiliary transcription factors. One of these, SpoVT, regulates forespore-specific sigma(G)-dependent genes and plays a key role in the final stages of spore formation. We have determined the crystal structure of the isolated C-terminal domain of SpoVT at 1.5 A by experimental phasing techniques and used this model to solve the structure of the full-length SpoVT at 2.6 A by molecular replacement. SpoVT is a tetramer that shows an overall significant distortion mediated by electrostatic interactions. Two monomers dimerize via the highly charged N-terminal domains to form swapped-hairpin beta-barrels. These asymmetric dimers further tetramerize through the formation of mixed helix bundles between their C-terminal domains, which themselves fold as GAF (cGMP-specific and cGMP-stimulated phosphodiesterases, Anabaena adenylate cyclases, and Escherichia coli FhlA) domains. The combination of a swapped-hairpin beta-barrel with a GAF domain represents a novel domain architecture in transcription factors. The occurrence of SpoVT homologs throughout Bacilli and Clostridia demonstrates the ancestral origin of this factor in sporulation.