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Bottom-up reconstruction of minimal pyrenoids provides insights into the evolution and mechanisms of carbon concentration by EPYC1 proteins

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Küffner,  Andreas Markus
Cellular Operating Systems, Department of Biochemistry and Synthetic Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max Planck Society;

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Pommerenke,  Bianca
Cellular Operating Systems, Department of Biochemistry and Synthetic Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max Planck Society;

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Kley,  Laura
Emmy Noether research Group Microbial Metalloenzymes, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max Planck Society;

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Ng,  Jediael Zheng Ying
Max Planck Research Group Evolutionary Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max Planck Society;

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Tinzl-Zechner,  Matthias
Cellular Operating Systems, Department of Biochemistry and Synthetic Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max Planck Society;

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Claus,  Peter
Core Facility Metabolomics and small Molecules Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max Planck Society;

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Paczia,  Nicole       
Core Facility Metabolomics and small Molecules Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max Planck Society;

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Zarzycki,  Jan
Cellular Operating Systems, Department of Biochemistry and Synthetic Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max Planck Society;

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Hochberg,  Georg K. A.       
Max Planck Research Group Evolutionary Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max Planck Society;

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Erb,  Tobias J.       
Cellular Operating Systems, Department of Biochemistry and Synthetic Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Küffner, A. M., Pommerenke, B., Kley, L., Ng, J. Z. Y., Prinz, S., Tinzl-Zechner, M., et al. (2024). Bottom-up reconstruction of minimal pyrenoids provides insights into the evolution and mechanisms of carbon concentration by EPYC1 proteins. bioRxiv: the preprint server for biology, 2024.06.28.601168.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000F-7D47-6
Abstract
Membraneless organelles play essential roles in cellular processes. In various photosynthetic organisms, they confer carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs). One example is the pyrenoid in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a liquid-phase separated organelle that localizes and improves carbon fixation via the intrinsically-disordered protein (IDP) EPYC1. Modern-day pyrenoids are complex structures, which makes it impossible to study the function of EPYC1, especially whether EPYC1 alone confers carbon concentration, and how EPYC1 could have initiated the evolution of pyrenoids. Here, we developed a bottom-up approach to study the function of EPYC1 and its sequence-function space across evolution. We demonstrate that modern-day EPYC1-sequences, but not other IDPs, induce liquid-phase separation of Rubisco into minimal pyrenoids with functional CCMs. Using ancestral sequence reconstruction, we trace the evolution of pyrenoids and demonstrate that selection acted on carboxylation rate, and in selected cases on specificity, providing unexpected perspectives on the design and function of natural and synthetic pyrenoids.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.